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Computer Organization

Computer Organization. Angelito i . cunanan jr. An electronic device used for storing and processing data. It is a machine that can execute instructions that given by the user and operate the data base on the related instruction. The computer process the data to produce information.

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Computer Organization

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  1. Computer Organization Angelito i. cunananjr.

  2. An electronic device used for storing and processing data. It is a machine that can execute instructions that given by the user and operate the data base on the related instruction. The computer process the data to produce information. The word computer was taken from Latin word Computaremeans “Calculate”. What is Computer?

  3. Takes input, process it according to stored instructions and produces results as output. Basic Function of a Computer… INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT STORAGE

  4. Three Core Aspects of Computer… Hardware Software Peopleware Physical parts or components of a computer. Sets of instructions, data, and programs that helps computers to do things. Who actually use computers. People itself.

  5. Input. These devices provide humans with a way to input data into the computer, so that the computer can process it into information. Keyboard, Mouse, Camera, Scanner, Biometric reader… • Processing. These devices process your data (raw facts) into information (something useful to humans). Central Processing Unit (CPU), Motherboard… • Output. These devices provide the computer with a means of outputting what it has processed. Monitor, Printer, Projector… 5 Categories of Hardware Device…

  6. Storage. These devices provide the computer with a means of storing what it has processed. Hard drive, Memory (RAM), USB Drive… • Communication. These devices allow computers to communicate with other computers via computer networks, such as Local Area Networks or the Internet. Network Card Interface (NIC), Router… 5 Categories of Hardware Device… (continued)

  7. System. System software is the software that communicates directly with the computer. It provides the interface between you and the computer. This software can be divided into 3 main categories. • Operating System (OS) • Utilities • Language Translators 2 Main Categories of Software…

  8. Applications. Applications software is software written to be “applied” to a particular task, such as creating text documents or graphics. These programs are interpreted and run by the Operating System. Applications software can be categorized into many types. Here are several categories of popular software. • Word Processing • Presentation Graphics • Spreadsheets • Database Management • Browsers 2 Main Categories of Software… (continued)

  9. A complete, working computer. Computer system will include the computer along with any software and peripheral devices that are necessary to make the computer function. • Basically divided into: • Computer Architecture • Computer Organization What is Computer System?

  10. Refers to those attributes of a system visible to a programmer or, put another way, those attributes that have direct impact on the logical execution of program. Computer Architecture

  11. Refers to the operational units and their interconnections that realize the architectural specifications. Integration between systems. *Each computer version have different organization. Computer Organization

  12. CPU speed The number of register inside CPU Main memory size Secondary memory size Complexity of operating system Physical size Cyber memory space The multiple-programming degree Cost Computer Classification…

  13. Structure. The way in which the components are interrelated or communicates to each other. Function. The operation of each individual component as part of the structure. Function and Structure…

  14. Four basic functions that computer can perform: • Data Processing • Data Storage • Data Movement • Peripheral • Data Communications • Control Function…

  15. Functional view of computer Function… (continued) Data Movement Apparatus Control Mechanism Data Storage Facility Data Processing Facility

  16. Possible Computer Operations Movement Movement Movement Movement Control Control Control Control Storage Storage Storage Storage Processing Processing Processing Processing B A C D

  17. Four main structural components: Central Processing Unit (CPU) Main Memory I/O System interconnection Structure…

  18. Operating Environment (Source and Destination of Data) Computer Main Structure… Computer Peripherals CPU MAIN MEMORY SYSTEM INTERCONNECTION Computer INPUT OUTPUT Communication Lines

  19. Structure - CPU • Registers • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) • Internal Bus Three main groups of lines • Data bus • Address bus • Control bus • Control Unit

  20. Structure – CPU (Diagram) CPU MEMORY REGISTERS CPU ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT SYSTEM BUS INTERNAL CPU INTERCONNECTION IO CONTROL UNIT

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