1 / 20

transgenics

transgenics. What is a Genetically Modified (GM) Food?. Foods that contain an added gene sequence Foods that have a deleted gene sequence Animal products from animals fed GM feed Products produced by GM organisms. Common GM Foods. Vegetables Tomatoes Potatoes Rice Cheese Meat.

taran
Download Presentation

transgenics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. transgenics

  2. What is a Genetically Modified (GM) Food? • Foods that contain an added gene sequence • Foods that have a deleted gene sequence • Animal products from animals fed GM feed • Products produced by GM organisms

  3. Common GM Foods • Vegetables • Tomatoes • Potatoes • Rice • Cheese • Meat

  4. A Step By Step Guide to Making a Transgenic

  5. Step 1: Identify the gene of interest • Roundup (glyphosate) kills plants by targeting the enzyme EPSP synthase • Allele of bacterium EPSP synthase was almost completely insensitive to Roundup (glyphosate)

  6. What you need to recall about bacteria . . .

  7. Step 2: Amplify Gene using PCR • Using bacterial DNA as a template, Polymerase Chain Reaction creates millions of copies of DNA segment (EPSP synthase) in a test tube • The high concentration product can be used to “clone” the gene into a plasmid • PCR animation

  8. Step 3: Clone PCR Fragment into Plasmid • Restriction enzymes (scissors) are used to cut your PCR fragment (EPSP synthase) and your plasmid • Ligase (paste) is used to seal the two linear fragments and make a circle again

  9. SOME RESTRICTION ENZYMES • EcoRI • HindIII • MstIII • Animation • Leave “sticky ends” • Found in Bacteria Naturally • 3)Recognition Sites - PALINDROMES

  10. Step 4: Transformation • Plasmid is reintroduced into a bacteria • The bacteria will reproduce and make more of your recombinant plasmid • Will also make the protein if it is needed!

  11. Step 5: Insert the plasmid into the Plant genome and Grow it up!

  12. Step 6: Test Your Transgenic • New corn is resistant to Roundup • Can spray crops with Roundup and kill everything but your transgenic

  13. List of genetically modified crops and their altered traits.

  14. Same steps for an animal!

  15. Transgenic Cattle • Dairy cows carrying extra copies of two types of casein genes produce 13% more milk protein • Not only will this make the milk more nutritious, it would allow for less milk to make more cheese • Currently the milk from these animals is under FDA review • The important difference between this & other transgenics is that the DNA added is not foreign

  16. Transgenic Fish • Tilapia • Salmon/trout • Catfish • Can grow up to 6 times faster than wildtype fish • Most have extra copies of growth hormone (GH) gene http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v19/n6/images/nbt0601_500a_I1.jpg

  17. Transgenic Goats • GTC Biotherapeutics has received approval to sell human anti-thrombin (ATryn) purified from goat’s milk in Europe

  18. GloFish • Originally developed in Singapore as a way to monitor water pollution • The normally black-and-silver Zebrafish was turned green or red by inserting various versions of the GFP gene • Glofish are on sale throughout the US except in California • Glofish retail for about $5 per fish. Normal zebrafish cost around one tenth of the price

  19. GFP

More Related