Hazardous Materials

1. Hazardous Materials

2. Chemical Inventory • Each Laboratory must maintain a complete, accurate and up to date chemical inventory. • The inventory should include: • All Chemicals • Hazardous • Non-hazardous • Compressed Gasses

3. Chemical Inventory • When you are doing the inventory, it is a good time to discard any chemicals that: • Have expired. • Are no longer being used. • Have containers that have been compromised, i.e. cracked lid. • Have labels that are illegible. • Submit your updated inventory to EH&S on the yearly basis.

4. Material Safety Data Sheets - MSDS • A Material Safety Data Sheet or MSDS is information provided by the manufacturer and maintain by the employer to inform employees of the possible hazards associated with chemicals being used in their work area. It is part of a hazard communication program.

5. Material Safety Data Sheets - MSDS • As stated in 29 CFR 1910.1200(g)(8), “the employer (Lab) shall maintain in the workplace copies of the required MSDS…and shall ensure that they are readily accessible during each work shift to employees when they are in their work area.” This can be done by: • Shared database in which all laboratory workers have access. • Stored hardcopies that are sent from the manufacturer.

6. Material Safety Data Sheets - MSDS • Each Laboratory must maintain a current MSDS for each chemical or compound being stored or used in the laboratory. • MSDS location must be clearly marked. • Each laboratory worker needs to use and understand MSDS’s.

7. Chemical Id Synonyms Hazardous Ingredients Exposure Limits Physical Data Appearance and odor Fire & Explosion Data Flash-point Health Hazards Toxic, Carcinogen, etc. Physical Hazards Corrosive, Oxidizer, etc. Reactivity data Incompatibles Spill Procedures Large and small Special Protection Wear appropriate PPE Signs and Symptoms of Exposure Headache, Nausea, etc. Important MSDS Information

8. MSDS Emergency In an emergency and you cannot retrieve an MSDS, one can be obtained by calling the 3E Company’s 24 Hour phone #: 800-451-8346 Or 760-602-8703

9. Chemical Storage • Separate incompatible chemicals. • Separate oxidizers from organics • Separate flammable liquids, acids and bases • Provide earthquake restraints for all shelving when storing chemicals or glassware. • Secondary containment needs to be provide if there is a risk of release into the environment.

10. Chemical Storage • Storage container MUST be compatible with material. • Example: Metal containers cannot be used for acids and bases. • Food containers MUST NEVER BE USED for chemical storage.

11. Flammable Liquids Storage • If a lab has quantities greater than 10 gallons, they must be stored in an approved flammable liquids storage cabinet. • Containers that can be shattered or punctured easily must be in secondary containment. • Do not store with acids or bases.

12. Acids Storage • Store in secondary containment • Cannot be stored at or above eye level. • Label cabinets “Acid” with 3” letters • Store by acid class in separate secondary containment • Organic • Inorganic • Oxidizing

13. Common Organic Acids • Glacial Acetic Acid • Trichloroacetic • Trifluoroacetic Acid • Formic Acid • Citric Acid • Benzoic Acid • Butyric Acid • Propionic Acid

14. Common Inorganic Acids • Hydrochloric Acid • Hydrofluoric Acid • Hydrobromic Acid • Phosphoric Acid • Chromic Acid

15. Common Oxidizing Acids • Nitric Acid • Perchloric Acid • Sulfuric Acid

16. Bases Storage • Store in secondary containment • Store away from acids and solvents • Cannot be stored at or above eye level. • Label cabinets “Base” with 3” letters • Examples: • Hydroxides • Amines • Ammonia • Bleach

17. Compressed Gasses • Must be upright and restrained • At least two chains must fit snuggly around the cylinders. • Separate incompatible gasses • Flammable & Oxidizing by 20 feet • Keep caps on while in transportation or storage

18. Chemical Labeling • All containers in the laboratory must be properly labeled with the name of the material being stored in the container. This includes non-hazardous materials such as: • Water • Weak buffers • Salts • Full name with NO abbreviations.

19. Chemical Labeling • Containers of hazardous materials must not only include the name of the material but also the chemical hazards associated with the use of the material.

20. Explosive Flammable Compressed gas Carcinogen Toxic Oxidizer Corrosive Reactive Physical Hazards

21. Carcinogen Hepatotoxin Neurotoxin Nephrotoxin Reproductive toxin Corrosive Sensitizer Irritant Highly Toxic Toxic Health Hazards

22. Labeling Information • Consult the MSDS or the manufacturer’s label for accurate labeling information.

23. HMIS “Hazardous Materials Identification System” The HMIS rating is a color-coded, alphanumeric system which gives information about the health, flammability and reactivity of the chemical in question. The system rates a material from a minimal hazard through a serious hazard. It also recommends the appropriate personal protective equipment to be worn when handling the particular chemical.

24. Example of HMIS

25. HMIS Health • 0 - Minimal Hazard • Not significant risk to health. • 1 - Slight Hazard • Irritation or minor reversible injury possible. • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Temporary or minor injury may occur. •  3 - Serious Hazard • Major injury likely unless prompt action is taken and medical treatment is given. • 4 - Severe Hazard • Life-threatening, major or permanent damage may result from single or repeated over exposures.

26. HMIS Flammability • 0 - Minimal Hazard • Materials that will not burn. Usually includes any material that will not burn in air when exposed to a temperature of 1500°F. for a period of 5 minutes • 1 - Slight Hazard • Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperaturesbefore ignition can occur. •  3 - Serious Hazard • Materials capable of ignition under almost all ambient temperature conditions. • 4 - Severe Hazard • Materials that will rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperatures with a flashpoint below 73°F. Materials may ignite spontaneously with air.

27. HMIS Reactivity • 0 - Minimal Hazard • Materials that are normally stable even under fire conditions. • 1 - Slight Hazard • Materials that are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. • 2 - Moderate Hazard • Materials that readily undergo violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures. These materials may also react violently with water. • 3 - Serious Hazard • Materials that are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but require a strong initiating source or materials the react explosively with water. • 4 - Severe Hazard • Materials that are readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

28. HMIS Protective Equipment

29. Other Hazmat Labeling- Sample 3 San Diego State University5500 Campanile DriveSan Diego, CA 92182 1 0 Ethanol x x x x x

30. This labeling is not adequate.

31. Exposure Routes of Exposure • Inhalation • Absorption • Ingestion • Injection

32. Exposure Control • Prevent exposures to hazardous materials. • Inhalation – Keep containers closed, use the fume hood, reduce volumes • Absorption – Wear gloves, lab coat, safety glasses, clean up spills promptly. • Ingestion – Don’t eat, drink, smoke of apply cosmetics in the laboratory. Don’t store hazardous material in food containers. • Injection – Use care when handling sharps. Properly dispose of sharps.

33. Exposure Control • Engineering controls: -hoods, cabinets, safety cans, trays • Work practices: -Standard operating procedures • Personal protective equipment: - safety glasses, lab coats, gloves, no open-toed shoes

34. Be Safe, Act Responsibly, Accidents Really Do Happen

35. Types of Emergencies • Medical emergency • Fire • Chemical spill • Biohazardous material spill • Bomb threat • Earthquake • Power outage

36. Emergency Response • If an emergency occurs, notify: • Notify the supervisor or anyone in your area your safety officer or EH&S (x46778) and. • If after business hours, notify Public Safety (x41991).

37. Frequently Asked Questions • Q. How do I know what is the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) that I should wear? • A. Check the MSDS for the material or sometimes the manufacture’s label will have the information. MSDS’s are also a great tool in deciding how to label your containers.

38. Frequently Asked Questions • Q. I can’t fit all the required information on my container because it is too small. What can I do? • A. Difficult question. Labeling the contents of the container is priority. If that is all the information you can fit on it, place the container into secondary containment like a beaker and write all the additional information on the secondary containment.

39. Frequently Asked Questions • Q. Do I need to use the blue, red, yellow and white HMIS labels? • No, it would be ideal if everyone did but sometimes it not practical. You can use whatever method you can. Be it masking tape or sharpies. As long as all the information is there, it is legible and stays on the container, you are fine.

40. Frequently Asked Questions • Q. Why do I need to label something has just plain water in it? • A. A container with water looks just like a container with Hydrochloric Acid or any other clear liquid. You can’t tell if something is dangerous just by looking at it. That is the purpose of Hazard Communication. Communicate what is hazardous and what is not.

41. The End