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Classes on Theology

Classes on Theology. Sheikh Jaffer H. Jaffer Masumeen Islamic Centre April 10 th , 2012 Week Nine. Justice of God. Last week we discussed: Three philosophies for the salvation of non-Muslims : Religious Pluralism , Perennialism and the Islamic View This week we discuss:

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Classes on Theology

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  1. Classes on Theology Sheikh Jaffer H. Jaffer Masumeen Islamic Centre April 10th, 2012 Week Nine

  2. Justice of God • Last week we discussed: • Three philosophies for the salvation of non-Muslims: • Religious Pluralism, Perennialism and the Islamic View • This week we discuss: • Free Will and Determinism (Pre-destination)

  3. Justice of God • Al-Jabr (fatalism) • Jahm ibn Safwan (d. 128H - 745) • No action is attributed to humans literally, rather all actions are only attributed to God • Clear issues with this school of thought

  4. Justice of God • At-Tafweedh – Free Will • Wasil bin ‘Ata (700-748) • Founder of the Mu’tazili School of Thought • Five main pillars: • Tawheed (Oneness of God) • Adalat (Divine Justice) • Al Wa’d wa al Wa’id (promise and threat) • Al-Manzilah Bayna al-Manzilatayn– the intermediate position • Al Amr bil Ma’ruf wa Nahi anil Munkar (Enjoining the good and forbidding the evil) • Complete Free Will • Allah SWT hands over the authority of all actions to the people

  5. Justice of God • Al-Kasb – Acquisition • Abu Hasan al Ash’ari (874-936) • Founder of the Ash’ari School of Thought • The actions of the people are in reality created by Allah SWT; the people simply acquire these actions from Allah SWT – Iktisaab (acquisition) • Classify the power to do an action into Qadimah (original) and Hadithah (derived) • Man is given power by God so man’s power is derived (hadithah) • As such God is the creator of human actions and man only has power of acquisition

  6. Justice of God • Amrun bayna Amrayn (A way between two ways) • وَ قَالَ الصَّادِقُ ع لَا جَبْرَ وَ لَا تَفْوِيضَ بَلْ أَمْرٌ بَيْنَ أَمْرَيْن • There is no doubt that God must know everything • There is no doubt that we are free to a certain extent to do what we like • Story of standing on one leg

  7. Justice of God • Answering some doubts: • If Allah SWT is completely aware of our actions; isn’t everything determined? • Isn’t there are clear contradiction between Divine Will and Human will? • Our decisions and actions are based on internal and intrinsic tendencies. • Science has proved that our environment and social surroundings dictates what actions and decisions we will make

  8. Questions?

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