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Food Allergies and Special Diets

Food Allergies and Special Diets. Agenda: What is a Special Diet? What is a Disability? Allergies vs. Food Intolerances Disabilities and Special Dietary Needs Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Diabetes Mellitus Vegetarian Diets Resources. Special Diet and Disability.

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Food Allergies and Special Diets

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  1. Food Allergies and Special Diets Agenda: • What is a Special Diet? • What is a Disability? • Allergies vs. Food Intolerances • Disabilities and Special Dietary Needs • Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder • Diabetes Mellitus • Vegetarian Diets • Resources

  2. Special Diet and Disability • What is considered a Special Diet? • What is considered a Disability? • DPI Guidance Memorandum 12 C: Meal Pattern Requirements – Infants (Birth through 11 Months) and Children (Ages 1 to 12 and older participants in certain programs) • Pages 4, 9 & 10

  3. What is classified as a Disability? There are 13 categories. Some examples include: • autism, • deaf, • visual impairment, • learning disabilities, and • acute health problems (e.g. asthma, diabetes, epilepsy, leukemia, heart condition)

  4. Allergies vs. Food Intolerances • Allergies: protein in foods (i.e., milk, eggs, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, wheat, peanuts, & soybeans) trigger abnormal immune response • Food Intolerances: due to inability of the body to digest or metabolize a food component

  5. Allergies and Intolerances Policy • All personnel know allergies of all children • Allergies must be posted in a conspicuous but confidential manner • Instructions from parent and physician must at all times be kept with the teacher supervising the child • Staff must be trained in emergency procedures for responding to allergies

  6. Allergies and Intolerances Policy • Emergency equipment, EpiPens must be readily available and secured from children’s reach • If a child is severely allergic to a particular food, it should not be served anywhere in the entire setting • Parents should be sent regular reminders to let staff members know about allergies

  7. Meal Pattern • Breakfast • Lunch/Supper • Snack

  8. Attention-DeficitHyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) • Children may be hyperactive, impulsive, inattentive • Causes can be genetic (inherited) factors; brain injury; exposure to toxic substances: lead, alcohol & tobacco; premature birth • Nutrition Consideration: eliminate food dyes and increase foods that are high in omega-3 fatty acids (fatty fish, walnuts, canola oil, flax) • Sugar and synthetic sweeteners?

  9. WHAT is DIABETES MELLITUS? • Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder which prevents the body from using food properly, causing a glucose intolerance, or hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar).

  10. Diabetic vs Non Diabetic INSULIN & ACTIVITY GLUCOSE (food sugar) Glucose Insulin & Activity Diabetic Non Diabetic

  11. CATEGORIES • Type I Diabetes • Type II Diabetes • Impaired Glucose Intolerance (IGT) • Secondary Diabetes

  12. Nutrition Considerations A diabetic diet is a healthy balanced diet, eliminating excessive concentrated sweets, based on the person’s usual food intake and activity patterns • 2-3 year old children need the same numbers of servings as 4-6 year old children but they need smaller portions. • General rule of thumb: 1 Tablespoon of food per year of age

  13. Vegetarian Diets • Three types: • Lacto-Ovo Vegetarian • Lacto-Vegetarian • Vegan Vegetarian • Vegan= plant-based foods and NO animal products including honey and products made with animal by-products such as gelatin • Lacto = milk and milk products • Ovo = eggs

  14. Vegetarian Diets Benefits: • lowers blood cholesterol, • lowers blood pressure, • lowers body mass index, • reduces risk of heart disease and stroke, and • reduces risk of type 2 diabetes

  15. Nutritional Concerns • Protein • N-3 fatty acids • Iron • Zinc • Iodine • Calcium • Vitamin D • Vitamin B-12

  16. Resources • DPI Community Nutrition Child and Adult Care Food Program: • http://fns.dpi.wi.gov/fns_cacfp1 • Dietary Guidelines for Americans: • http://www.dietaryguidelines.gov

  17. Resources • Book Child Care Rethinking Nutrition: Connecting Science and Practice in Early Childhood Settings • by Susan Nitzke, PhD, RD; Dave Riley, PhD; Ann Ramminger, MS; Georgine Jacobs MS • Internet Diabetes • National Diabetes Education Program – http://ndep.nih.gov/index.aspx/

  18. Resources Internet: Food allergies USDA http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/pubs/bibs/gen/toddler.pdf Baby and Kid Allergies – http://babyandkidallergies.com/index.php Keeping Kids Healthy – http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/cgi-bin/search.pl

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