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Xiaolei Zou ( 邹晓蕾 )

Satellite Data Exchange: Benefits and Importance to Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Change Study. Xiaolei Zou ( 邹晓蕾 ). Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, USA. The Fifth China - U.S. Roundtable on Scientific Data Cooperation

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Xiaolei Zou ( 邹晓蕾 )

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  1. Satellite Data Exchange: Benefits and Importance to Numerical Weather Prediction and Climate Change Study Xiaolei Zou (邹晓蕾) • Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, • Florida State University, USA The Fifth China - U.S. Roundtable on Scientific Data Cooperation Beijing, China, 27- 28 October, 2011

  2. Satellite Data Applications in NWP • Chinese Feng-Yun Three (FY-3) Series Outline • A brief introduction • Science highlights • Satellite Data Exchange • Current status • Recent progress

  3. Data Assimilation Satellite Data • Improve NWP • Generate Reanalysis

  4. Data Assimilation for Reanalysis Cycling（15-50 years） Model Forecast Background Analysis …… Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Background Analysis Data Assimilation Observations

  5. Data Assimilation in NWP Cycling Model Forecast …… Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Observations in 6h assimilation window Medium Range：５-９day Short-Range： 1-36 hours

  6. Data Assimilation Model Space Observation Space Observation Operator Observations Background Field Initial Guess Background Error Covariance Observation Error Covariance Model Error Covariance Analysis (Solution)

  7. FY-3 New Era of Meteorological Satellite in China

  8. Chinese Meteorological Satellites First Generation First Generation FY-2A: 06/10/1997 FY-2B: 06/25/2000 FY-2C: 10/18/2004 FY-2D: 12/08/2006 FY-1A: 09/07/1988 FY-1B: 09/03/1990 FY-1C: 05/10/1999 FY-1D: 05/15/2002 Geostationary Polar-Orbiting Second Generation Second Generation FY-3A: 05/27/2008 FY-3B: 11/05/2010 8 more: 2012-2020 FY-4: 2013-2020 Total 7

  9. 11 Sensors Onboard FY-3 • 可见光和红外扫描辐射计 • 中分辨率光谱成像仪 • 红外分光计 • 微波温度计 • 微波湿度计 • 微波成像仪 • 紫外臭氧垂直探测仪 • 紫外臭氧重量探测仪 • 地球辐射监测仪 • 太阳辐射监测仪 • 空间环境监测仪

  10. 11 Sensors Onboard FY-3 • Visible and InfRared Radiometer (VIRR) • MEdium ReSolution Imager (MERSI) • InfRared Atmospheric Sounder (IRAS) • MicroWave Temperature Sounder (MWTS) • MicroWave Humidity Sounder (MWHS) • MicroWave Radiation Imager (MWRI) • Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet Sounder (SBUS) • Total Ozone Mapping Unit (TOU) • Earth Radiation Measurer (ERM) • Solar Irradiation Monitor (SIM) • Space Environment Monitor (SEM)

  11. 11 Sensors Onboard FY-3 TOU VIRR MWHS ERM MERSI MWRI IRAS SIM MWTS SBUS SEM

  12. Instrument Parameters

  13. 2012FY-3PM1 2013FY-4A (TEST) 2012FY-2G 2011FY-3AM1 2010FY-2F 2013FY-3RM (TEST) 2009FY-3B (TEST) 2014FY-3AM2 2008FY-2E 2015FY-4EAST1 2006FY-2D 2015FY-3PM2 2008FY-3A 2007FY-3A (TEST) 2016FY-4WEST1 2017FY-4MS (TEST) 2020 FY-4MS 2018FY-3PM3 2019FY-3RM2 2016FY-3RM1 2017FY-3AM3 2020 FY-4WEST2 2019 FY-4EAST2 FY-3 Strategic Plan (2006-2020) 2013FY-4A 2012FY-3PM1 2011FY-3AM1 2013FY-3RM 2010FY-3B • Global • All weather • 3 Dimension • Quantitative • Multi-channels 2014FY-3AM2 2015FY-4EAST1 2015FY-3PM2 2008FY-3A 2016FY-4WEST1 2017FY-4MS 2020FY-4MS 2019FY-3RM2 2016FY-3RM1 2017FY-3AM3 2018FY-3PM3 2020FY-4WEST2 2019FY-4EAST2 From Zhang Peng

  14. USA, European and Chinese Polar-Orbiting Satellites morning afternoon morning afternoon

  15. NPP Launch News Friday morning's liftoff from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. Launch Date: October 28, 2011 For a lot of exciting information, please go to: NASA TV (one of cable Channels) or NASA's NPP mission website at: http://www.nasa.gov/npp NPP --- The NPOESS Preparatory Project NPOESS --- The National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System

  16. 秦正坤 Decadal Climate Trend Qin, Z., X. Zou, and F. Weng, 2011: Comparison between linear and nonlinear trends in NOAA-15 AMSU-A brightness temperatures during 1998-2010. Clim. Dynamics., (revised). Tb (K) Troposphere Tb (K) Stratosphere Time (year)

  17. Scene-Temperature Dependence of Bias of FY-3A Microwave Temperature Sounder Caused by Frequency Shift After Launch NASA TV (one of cable Channels). Or go to NASA's NPP mission website at: http://www.nasa.gov/npp

  18. Designed and Shifted Channel Frequencies

  19. channel 4 O-B Bias BSF-BDF 2011 Jan. Feb. O-B (K) Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Tb (K)

  20. designed shifted MetOp channel 4 Jan. Feb. O-B (K) Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Tb (K)

  21. O-B Bias BSF-BDF channel 3 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Tb (K) Tb (K)

  22. designed shifted NOAA-18 channel 3 Jan. Feb. O-B (K) Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Tb (K)

  23. FY-3A NOAA-18 12-hour Orbitals (Nadir Position)

  24. SNO Matchups between MetOp-A AMUS-A Channel 9 and FY-3A MWTS Channel 4 near Arctic and Antarctic ΔTb (K) Without correction ΔTb (K) With correction Observed Tb (K)

  25. SNO Matchups between NOAA-18 AMUS-A Channel 7 and FY-3A MWTS Channel 3 near Arctic and Antarctic ΔTb (K) Without correction ΔTb (K) With correction Observed Tb (K)

  26. Current Status of Satellite Data Exchange at CMA

  27. Current Status of Satellite Data Exchange at CMA

  28. EUMETcast Program: ATOVS HRPT Station Distribution ATOVS --- Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder TIROS – Television Infrared Observation Satellites EUMETSAT --- European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites EUMETCast --- a EUMETSAT program for dissemination of various satellite data HRPT --- High Resolution Picture Transmission

  29. ATOVS Data Latency

  30. Real-Time Operational Satellite Data Exchange Between NOAA/NESDIS and CMA/NMSCWas Established for the First Time! One of the items in the US-China Bilateral Agreement. An Exciting Achievement! NESDIS --- The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service NOAA --- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NMSC --- The National Meteorological Satellite Center CMA --- Chinese Meteorological Admistration

  31. FY-3A/B Data Volume

  32. NOAA-18/19 Data Volume

  33. Bandwidth/Storage Requirements • 60 MB from FY-3A (or FY-3B) and 20 MB from NOAA-19 (or NOAA-18) data transfer volume in every 102 minutes • 2 hour data latency time for NWP operational data ingest cutoff, 18 minutes latency time for satellite data assimilation process • 500 GB to 1 TB RAID-5 configuration data storage server for real time data exchange • Data are protected under privacy policy agreement by both sides

  34. Security Protection • Network Level • STAR Firewall only allows FTP access to data exchange server. • Operating System Level • Host based firewall only allows incoming FTP from public servers, however this can be further reduced to specific servers. (ingress filtering) • Host based firewall only allows outgoing connections that are related to the incoming FTP connections. (egress filtering) • Host based Anti-Virus and AV aware FTP software. • Software Level: Using ProFTP with the following options: (1) Require SSL (encrytion, AES256) for both the authentication and the data streams. (2) Require client-side certificate and username/password login (dual-factor authentication)

  35. Current Progress • CMA Connects to CSTnet via 1Gbps access line • CSTnet links with GLORIAD (Global Ring Network for Advanced Applications Development ) • Real connection speed is close to T-1 line (1.5 Mb/Sec)

  36. Current Progress • Software packages for secure data transfer have been installed at NOAA/NESDIS/STAR • Secure FTP data exchange tests have been conducted • Real time NOAA-19/NOAA-18 data have been • post in STAR server • Real time FY3-A/FY3-B data have been uploaded • to STAR server • Average speed is close to T-1 line at 1.5 Mb/second

  37. Data Sharing Network http://973.daracenter.org Data bank device Core operational device Web device Three service devices Linux standard platform Common data bank (MYSQL) Mature software products Open System • Fortran90 • Web PHP

  38. Structure Data Types Core operation Data Bank GPS RO 数据传输质量控制 主动获取 （按<规则表>定时访问） 已获取的数据发布 SSMI反演系统 系统实时监控 日志与审计 CLOUDSAT 访问规则表 MIRS反演系统 GPS RO反演系统 NOAA卫星资料 数据库 MYSQL 绘图系统 被动获取 （外部数据源自动发布) FY3卫星资料 文件管理系统 ＤＭＳＰ卫星资料 其它 MetOp卫星资料 Web service 常规资料 后台监听服务 温室气体资料 Web 服务 运行环境：Linux Web display

  39. Home Page

  40. Front-Page Display

  41. 完善的后台控制平台

  42. 基于角色的权限管理

  43. Real-Time Satellite Data Exchange Among • Different Nations • FY-3 Data Processing and Applications Future Work • Link FY-3 data to NOAA and MetOp data for • establishing climate data record (CDR) • Assimilation of FY-3 data in GFS WRF and • Chinese GRAPES data analysis systems

  44. Acknowledgement This work is supported by Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology project 2010CB951600 entitled “Assessment, Assimilation, Establishment and Applications of Global Climate Change Data Records.” 全球气候变化数据的评估、同化、融合与应用 全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划: （项目编号: 2010CB951600）

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