Bellwork

1. Bellwork • Have you ever broken a bone? • Which one? • How long did it take to heal?

2. Fractures and Healing 11/5/13

3. Bone fractures • Fracture = Broken bone • Healing time depends on which bone it is, and severety of fracture

4. Open Vs. Closed • Open (compound) – broken bone penetrates skin • Closed (simple) – bone does not penetrate skin

5. Transverse • Completely through bone at a right angle to axis of bone • Associated with trauma

6. Oblique fracture • Occurs at any other angle than a right angle

7. Spiral fracture • Spiral fractures are caused by twisting a bone excessively • Common in sports fractures

8. Greenstick • Incomplete break to the convex surface of the bend in the bone • Common in children because their bones are more flexible

9. Comminuted • Bone breaks into many fragments • Common in older age due to brittle bones • High impact or crushing injury

10. impacted • Broken bone ends are forced into each other • Common in fall injuries when one tries to break their fall with outstretched arms

11. Fissure/hairline • Incomplete • Usually caused from repeated stress/pressure to tibia or fibula

12. Fracture healing • 1. Blood vessels rupture when the bone breaks creating a blood filled swelling called a hematoma. • 2. Soft callus forms from some cartilage matrix, bone matrix, and collagen fibers. • 3. Osteoblasts (form bone) and osteoclasts (dissolve bone cell) form bony callus. • 4. Bony callus is remodeled by osteoclasts.

13. Exit Ticket • Put the following steps in order and describe what happens at each step. • Bony callus • Remodeling • Soft callus • Hematoma