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Chapter 30: The Conservative Ascendancy

Chapter 30: The Conservative Ascendancy. 1974-1987. I. The Overextended Society. 1970s. Stagflation Oil embargo = Gas doubles Rationing Dept. of Energy – trickle effect? Local gov’t Outsourcing effects? Women in the workforce. A. A Troubled Economy. Population shifts – Why?

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Chapter 30: The Conservative Ascendancy

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  1. Chapter 30: The Conservative Ascendancy 1974-1987

  2. I. The Overextended Society 1970s

  3. Stagflation Oil embargo = Gas doubles Rationing Dept. of Energy – trickle effect? Local gov’t Outsourcing effects? Women in the workforce A. A Troubled Economy

  4. Population shifts – Why? Sunbelt Snowbelt/rustbelt B. Sunbelt/Snowbelt

  5. Nixon pardon WIN? Effectiveness? Gerald Ford (1974-1977)

  6. “Outsider” Effects of deregulating airline industry Banks inflation C. Jimmy Carter ( 1977-1981)

  7. Urban Politics • Politics at the local level increased • AA politicians increased • Fiscal crisis of ’70s • Politicians ineffective • Job programs ineffective • Affirmative Action = “reverse discrimination” • Conservatives endorse candidates who favored law-abiding, hard-working, tax-paying majority, not minorities, jobless and criminals

  8. Three Mile Island, Pa. Love Canal, NY. Florida Everglades Silent Spring Results Earth Day Recycling Decreased meat consumption Personal gardens; organic Environmental groups Endangered Environment

  9. II. The New Conservatism 30.2

  10. A. The New Right “Moral majority” Televangelists Jerry Falwell Jesse Helms KKK, segregation, tobacco companies, Watergate, pollution MLK Becomes Senator of North Carolina II. The New Conservatism

  11. 1. For Balanced budget Amend. School prayers Death penalty 2. Against Gov’t funded day care Reforms establishing educational equity Social services for battered women and single moms ERA B. Anti-ERA, Anti-abortion

  12. To end gender discrimination Phyllis Schlafly C. Equal Rights Amendment

  13. Crime for state to allow abortions Women have the right to choose D. Roe v. Wade (1973)

  14. Personal well-being Emotional security Therapy Health and fitness E. “The Me Decade”

  15. 30.3: Adjusting to a New World

  16. A. A Thaw in the Cold War • Both US and SU’s economy suffering • Deficit spending • Nat’l debt • 1950 - $257 B • 1980 - $908 B • Late 1970s • Decreased productivity, personal savings and skilled workforce • inflation

  17. Started with Ford, ended with Carter Not ratified by US due to SU invasion of Afghanistan SALT II

  18. No economic support for violations of human rights Brazil, Argentina Chile S. Africa CIA reforms Camp David Accords Return of Panama Canal 2000 B. Foreign Policy & “Moral Principles”

  19. Egypt recognizes Israel's rights to exist Nobel Peace prize Return of the Sinai Peninsula; stop settlements there but continue in other disputed areas Sadat assassinated Begin, Carter, el-Sadat C. Camp David Accords (1978)

  20. D. Iran Hostage Crisis • Shah Phalavi overthrow by fundamentalists • Led by Ayatollah Khomeini • US allows shah entry into US due to cancer treatment = hostage situation Current: Ali Khamene’i

  21. Landslide win Supported by “moral majority” and Jesse Helms Voter turn out – about 50% E. Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)

  22. 30.4 Reagan

  23. From Illinois Actor turned politician anticommunist Gov. of California Decreased state welfare Decreased state employees Income on tax revenues shared w/local gov’t Spoke out against student protesters during V. war A. “The Great Communicator”

  24. Reaganomics 1. Supply-side economics • Increase production by decreasing taxes and deregulating industries • Consumers will then benefit from a greater supply of goods and services at lower prices. • Industry will then have more money to: • Invest • hire employees, therefore, putting more money into the economy • Resulting in more people to tax on income

  25. C. Economic Recovery Tax Act 1981 • Decrease income and corporate taxes • Decrease max. tax on income from 70% to 50% • Decrease ma. Capital gains tax from 25% to 20% • No distinction between earned and unearned income (inheritance/gifting)

  26. D. Methods of increasing productivity during the Reagan years • Decrease regulations on EPA standards, workplace safety and consumer protection • Deregulated industries, esp. car pollution standards • Develop reserved wildlife lands and wetlands • Encourage speculation in market trading (reality=corruption)

  27. E. Reagan’s Recession, Recovery, & Fiscal Crisis • Highest debt ever! Rich are getting richer! • 1982 recession: Unemployment @ > 11% • National debt has tripled • 1980 - $914 Billion • 1989 - $2.7 Trillion • Today - $11.896 trillion! ($42,000) • Interest on debt was 14% of federal budget; only allotted for 7% • We became the world’s biggest debtor nation

  28. F. Reagan Doctrine • Instability in underdeveloped countries due to influence of the SU

  29. “Arms-for-hostage” deal US selling arms to Iran so they can fight Iraq US gives money to Nicaraguan Contras to help overthrow the Sandinistas Violates the Boland Amendment – no aid to contras of Nicaragua G. Iran-Contra Scandal

  30. 1. Mikhail Gorbachev (1985) Economic and political reforms via glasnost and perestroika Allowed for some capitalist practices Stopped the arms race Freed dissidents from prison Wall falls on November 9, 1989 Gorbachev resigns Dec. 25, 1991 H. Collapse of Communism

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