SESSION: SUSTAINABILITY & METRICS June 18, 2014, 10:30am. Track A

1. SESSION: SUSTAINABILITY & METRICS June 18, 2014, 10:30am. Track A STATE OF THE PRACTICE FOR SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS MANAGEMENT IN TRANSPORTATION PROJECTS Jeralee Anderson, Ph.D., P.E., Greenroads Foundation EVALUATING SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE OF TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE WITH INVEST - FHWA’S SUSTAINABILITY RATING TOOL Constance M. Hill Galloway, Ph.D., Environmental Protection Specialist, FHWA GREEN DOT SUCCESS Nedd Codd, Assistant Secretary, GreenDOT DDOT: ROAD TO SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE Lezlie Rupert, DDOT

2. SESSION: SUSTAINABILITY & METRICS State of the Practice for Sustainable Materials Management in Transportation Projects Jeralee Anderson, Ph.D., P.E., Greenroads Foundation The Greenroads Rating System, a third-party sustainability metric for roadway projects, includes both mandatory and voluntary best practices to encourage the proactive management of construction waste and related resource efficiency activities for transportation projects. This presentation will explore the waste management and recycling rates of active and successful projects pursuing Greenroads Certification as case studies by comparing them to benchmark data analyses for 105 projects in the United States completed by Anderson & Muench (2013). Jeralee Anderson is the Executive Director of Greenroads Foundation. She holds her doctorate in sustainability and civil engineering from the University of Washington. Prior to launching Greenroads Foundation, Jeralee worked in a variety of structural, geotechnical and construction engineering positions after receiving her undergraduate degree from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo. She is a licensed professional engineer in Washington State and California.

3. State of the Practice for Materials Management in Transportation Projects Jeralee Anderson, Ph.D., P.E., LEED AP - Greenroads Foundation Transportation Research Board Committee ADC60 Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure Workshop June 17, 2014 – New York City, New York

4. Transportation projects produce substantial amounts of construction waste, but actual amounts are UNKNOWN. Johnson, 2009 EPA, 2009 Construction Materials Recycling Association, n.d. Highway 35 Betterment, Mt. Hood, OR

5. Transportation is major contributor! Roads and bridge waste ≈ 2x building waste From Cochran, 2006

6. Materials Consumption vs. Waste • Rate of consumption is increasing annually • Waste retention rates are no match for consumption • No single source for transportation material data • 1.3 billion tons waste in 2002* • Highest contributor = concrete (buildings, transport, other) • 1.4 trillion tons • 2nd highest contributor = asphalt concrete (transport) • 400 million tons • 3rd highest = wood and wood products (mostly buildings) Cochran, 2006 – 2002 appears to be best available data that includes transport waste estimates

7. How many tons of material can the average dump truck haul? How far and where does it travel? And at what cost? Dump trucks hauling dirt shore up levees in communities along the Red River near Fargo, ND Andrea Booher/FEMA, Wikimedia Commons

8. How We Can Manage the Unknowns • Industry associations/NGOs take a leadership role • Track and manage reporting statistics of consumption and waste • Owners: add accountability requirements for contractors • We suggest a per-project approach and project metrics • We found in 120 projects (reviewed in 2011 and prior) • Only 23 had a waste management plan (19%) • Only 73% of WMPs had recycling and diversion strategies • This is why Greenroads requires a CWMP • 56 registered projects in 7 states and 7 countries; 11 Certified • Over $5.5 billion construction value Anderson, 2012; Greenroads Foundation, 2014

9. PR-6 Waste Management Plan • We are interested in what happened to the existing materials • Similar to credit CA-3 Site Recycling Plan • Not all do both – why not?

10. Muench et al. 2011

11. Frequency of Achievement Anderson & Muench, 2013

12. City of Austin, TX Todd Lane Improvements Pilot Project $7.8 mil A great example of an owner-initiative for waste management. Based on LEED requirements for buildings and applied equally for roadway projects.

13. Presidio Parkway Phase I California Department of Transportation - $134.8 mil PB/ARUP Joint Venture; CC Myers, R&L Brosamer Inc. No formal CWMP, but City of San Francisco requires diversion of 75% minimum.

14. Finishing the wearing course over cold-in-place recycled base. City of San José, CA Infrastructure Maintenance Division Monterey Road Reconstruction $2.7 mil Bid out two construction alternatives: conventional remove and replace and cold-in-place recycling (CIR). CIR bid came in 23% under estimate.

15. Bellingham, WA Meador Kansas Ellis Trail Project $0.85 mil Placing Poticrete flatwork made with 400 salvaged toilets Project Manager Freeman Anthony, P.E., basks in glory while dedicating a commemorative toilet seat to embed on this innovative project.

16. Summary • Transportation waste is unknown and unmeasured • Hard to manage unknown and unmeasured • Materials consumption outpaces diversion and recycling • Potential to improve accountability in simple ways • Plenty of opportunity to increase/incentivize reuse/recycling • Sustainability tools can help incentivize BMPs • Great waste management BMPs can apply on any project: • Local agencies more often have waste strategy/goal • State agencies more often have allowable recycling spec

17. Takeways: Helpful Hints • Adopt C&D specs from local and state building projects • Set near term goals to characterize your waste stream from transportation projects • Set permissible or flexible specifications for recycling/reuse or new materials • Enforce quality control standards during reprocessing