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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece. Packet Guide. Map . Color the map. Make sure all of Greece is ONE color. Label the island of Crete Label the bodies of water -Aegean Sea Mediterranean Sea Ionian Sea. The Greeks Worksheets. Greek Contributions: Temple building and columns Philosophy Mathematics

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Ancient Greece

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  1. Ancient Greece Packet Guide

  2. Map • Color the map. • Make sure all of Greece is ONE color. • Label the island of Crete • Label the bodies of water • -Aegean Sea • Mediterranean Sea • Ionian Sea

  3. The Greeks Worksheets • Greek Contributions: • Temple building and columns • Philosophy • Mathematics • Ideal proportion of human bodies • Astronomy • Military Strategies • Theatre • Olympics • Mythology

  4. The Greeks Worksheets • Greeks thought their temples were homes to gods, not just places to worship. • Building materials used include wood, brick, stone (marble and limestone). • Simple rectangular building on an acropolis, or high point in a city. • Built between 447BC-438BC • From the top step rose the Peristyle or row of Doric Columns. • The columns supported a stone tablature that supported a wooden roof. • The frieze is a low relief marble sculpture and there are many in Ancient Greece.

  5. The Greeks Worksheets • The Parthenon has two rooms. • Opisthodemos, a smaller room used as a treasury. • Cella (Naos), the larger room where an oversized statue of Athena was located. • Some key features in many Greek works of architecture include: • Friezes • Portico (porch leading into temple entrance) • Entasis (convex curve)

  6. The Greeks Worksheets • The Greeks did not like the cold whiteness of the marble buildings and painted things or carved pictures inside. • Like all Greek buildings, the parts of the Parthenon were designed to be: • A mathematically perfect work • A testament to Greek progression • Strong in order to last a long time • The Parthenon was built on the Acropolis, or a high plateau on the edge of Athens. • On the western edge of the Acropolis there was the Temple of Nike, a sacred cave, and a main gate.

  7. The Greeks Worksheets • There is a hill crowned with Athena’s sacred temple. • Some other facts about the Acropolis: • It was originally built for defense. • Greeks would be able to view enemies from the high points. • It was first excavated between 1835 and 1837. • It has decayed a lot due to air pollution. • Many artifacts and artworks were taken by Lord Elgin of Britain. • 80m high, 150m wide, and 350m long.

  8. The Greeks Worksheets • The subject of the frieze was a parade or some sort of procession. • It is broken into sections that coincide with each other. • Animals and people are shown but the true meaning is still debated. • It’s construction was supervised by Pheidias.

  9. The Greeks Worksheets • DORIC: Thicker and shorter columns. • They stand directly on flat pavement. • Usually have 2o concave grooves. • Usually have a flare at the top. • Main column used in the Parthenon. • IONIC: Taller and slimmer • Curlicues called volutes • 4 Ionic columns supported the Parthenon’s roof • Originated in the 6th century BC in Ionia. • Stands on pedestals • CORINTHIAN: Most ornate and slender • Made more famous in Roman architecture • Derived from the Ionian order.

  10. The Greeks Worksheets • Examples of artworks: Discobolus or Discus Thrower by Myron. Doryphorus or Spear Bearer by Polykleitos.

  11. The Greeks Worksheets • Dramatic and often violent images created with skill and confidence. • Beauty was less important than the display of • During the Classical Period they achieved near perfection in balance, proportion, and sense of movement. • During Hellenistic times • The Greeks wanted to make their sculptures look realistic and they eventually acquired the skills to do so.

  12. Greek Contributions • Theater – Celebrated in Dionysia. Created comedy, tragedy, and satyr. Also developed the use of masks and large theaters. • Recorded History – Herodotus is called the father of history as he wrote about the real world even if it was exaggerated. • Democracy – Athenian leaders developed the concept of one (free) man one vote. • Education – Schools for philosophy and mathematics were established all over Greece.

  13. Greek Contributions • Olympics – Dates back to 776BC. Originally held in Olympia. Many events are still done today. • Architecture – Stone buildings with columns were also used in Rome and today. • Mythology – Many intricate stories have been told and are still continued today. • Military Strategy – Advancements in armor and technique were made by Greeks, especially the Spartans.

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