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Policy theory and action . Which forms of advocacy is your organisation engaged in and best suited to? How do the governance structures of your organisation influence the advocacy that you undertake? . Policy theory and action . Overview of some policy making theory
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Policy theory and action Which forms of advocacy is your organisation engaged in and best suited to? How do the governance structures of your organisation influence the advocacy that you undertake?
Policy theory and action • Overview of some policy making theory • They all interact and can start in one “theory and as the policy journey changes end up in another” • Different tools and actions used in each • Individuals and organisations are better suited to participate in some than others • Indicates strategic alliances that can be made to shape outcomes
Rational comprehensive • Formal structure (authority legitimacy) • Rational • Evidence based • ‘Definitive’ • Comprehensive • Entering requires research, evidenced based, logic, structured etc. (e.g. power elite)
Bureaucratic • Issue appears • Solution is sought within institution • May have working groups or “consultations” • Draft often released “green paper” • Final paper released “white paper” • Informal and formal lobbying of key drivers e.g. submissions, consultations, lobbying
Incrementalism • Issue appears in a current policy setting • Tweak to current policy setting • Until issue disappears • Horses for courses with this one
Issue attention cycle • The squeaky wheel gets the oil • Often locally based or regionally based • Grassroots concern or issue causing political angst • Responses include - • Policy adopted from proponents • Set up an enquiry (rational comprehensive) • Tinker with current policy • Other strategies to make the issue and the noise go away • Trick is to keep the issue on agenda until resolved. (Many strategies are used & you can be very creative)
Overview • Rational comprehensive (formal, structured, ‘legitimacy’, public) • Bureaucratic (institutional, internal, more closed, procedural) • Incrementalism(‘tweak’ or minor shift from current position, most common) • Issue attention cycle (spontaneous, can be anarchic, unstructured, often local) All can be at play at the same time