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Electrical Circuits. Electrical Circuit. Closed path through which charge can flow A Circuit needs: Source of energy (voltage) Conductive path for charge to flow Source of resistance (device to do work). Batteries. Provide the energy (voltage) for charge to flow in a circuit
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Electrical Circuit • Closed path through which charge can flow • A Circuit needs: • Source of energy (voltage) • Conductive path for charge to flow • Source of resistance (device to do work)
Batteries • Provide the energy (voltage) for charge to flow in a circuit • Have (+) and (-) terminals
Dry cell • Series of chemical reactions causes electrons to flow and accumulate at the (-) terminal • Used in portable electronics + terminal - terminal
Wet Cell • Has 2 connected metal plates submerged in an electrolyte: solution that conducts electricity • Ex: Car battery
Circuit Diagrams • Use symbols to represent parts of a circuit • Shows one or more complete paths that charge can flow
Current flow Battery + - Current always flows from positive (+) to negative (-) battery terminal
Series Circuits • Charge has only one path to flow • If one device stops working they all stop working! • Viewing series circuit
Series Circuits • Adding light bulbs to a series circuit increases resistance • CURRENT DECREASES, BULBS BECOME DIMMER
Parallel Circuits • Circuit with two or more paths for current to flow • If one device stops working the rest continue to work!
Parallel Circuits • Viewing Parallel Circuit • Homes and buildings are wired in parallel • Bulbs shine brighter in parallel than series • All Directly connected to battery
Parallel circuits • Current in branch depends on resistance • More current flows through the path of lowest resistance • Voltage is same across each branch