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http://www.simpletruths.tv/store/movies.php?movie=fstr. Lesson 14b: Mitosis. Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division …. Making New Cells Making New DNA. Where it all began…. You start as a cell smaller than a period at the end of a sentence….

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  1. http://www.simpletruths.tv/store/movies.php?movie=fstr

  2. Lesson 14b: Mitosis Biology is the only subject in which multiplication is the same thing as division…

  3. Making New CellsMaking New DNA

  4. Where it all began… You start as a cell smaller than a period at the end of a sentence… And end up as a full grown adult with billions of cells!

  5. Getting from there to here… • Going from egg to baby…. the original fertilized egg has to divide… and divide… and divide… and divide…

  6. Why do cells divide… • for reproduction • one celled organisms (clones) • for growth & development • fromfertilized eggto multi-celled organism • for repair • replace cells that die or are lost amoeba

  7. The Cell Cycle G1 = Resting and Growth S = DNA is replicated G2 = Growth & Prep for Mitosis M = Mitosis (cell division)

  8. Dividing cells… • What has to be copied • DNA • organelles • cell membrane • lots of othermolecules • enzymes plant cell animal cell

  9. Coil DNA into compact chromosomes Copying DNA Remember this? • When a cell is ready to divide it must… • copy DNA first (DNA Replication), then… • coil up doubled chromosomes like thread on a spool… • now can move DNA around cell without having it tangle & break

  10. Copied & Paired Up Chromosomes Single DNA strand Single DNA strand being duplicated centromere Two new DNA strands linked by centromere making one doubled chromosome.

  11. DNA in chromosomes cell nucleus cell duplicated chromosomes nucleus Cell Prepares to Divide chromosomes are duplicated Centromeres link chromosomes 4 single-stranded chromosomes 4 duplicated chromosomes

  12. Mitosis: Dividing DNA & Cells • Stage 1: DNA Replication occurs. DNA DNA is copied! cell nucleus INTERPHASE

  13. Mitosis: Dividing DNA & cells • Stage 2: DNA winds into chromosomes Chromosomes are condensed! duplicated chromosomes cell PROPHASE nucleus

  14. Mitosis: Dividing DNA & cells • Stage 3: Chromosomes line up in middle • attached to protein spindle fibers that will pull them apart. Chromosomes are lined up! METAPHASE

  15. Mitosis: Dividing DNA & cells • Stage 4: Chromosomes separate • chromosomes split, separating the pairs • start moving to opposite ends (poles) Chromosomesare separated! ANAPHASE

  16. Mitosis: Dividing DNA & cells • Stage 5: Cytokinesis • cells start to divide • nucleus forms again Cells Divide! TELOPHASE

  17. New “daughter” cell CLONES • Get 2 exact copies of original cells • same DNA • “clones”

  18. Mitosis in whitefish embryo

  19. Mitosis in plant cell

  20. onion root tip http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

  21. Overview of mitosis

  22. Any Questions?? Any Questions?? Virtual Lab 8 Mitosis in Plant Cells Virtual Lab 9 Comparing Mitosis in Plant and Animal Cells Draw, label and explain mitosis as shown on pages 246-247 in your text.

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