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ALEXANDER THE GREAT

ALEXANDER THE GREAT. HELLENISTIC AGE. PHILIP OF MACEDONIA. King Philip II Became King at age 23 (359 BC) Brilliant General and ruthless Politician wanted to conquer Greece and Persia Organized army in phalanx 16x16. BATTLE OF CHAERONEA 338BC. Greece in state of individualism

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ALEXANDER THE GREAT

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  1. ALEXANDER THE GREAT HELLENISTIC AGE

  2. PHILIP OF MACEDONIA • King Philip II • Became King at age 23 (359 BC) • Brilliant General and ruthless Politician • wanted to conquer Greece and Persia • Organized army in phalanx • 16x16

  3. BATTLE OF CHAERONEA 338BC • Greece in state of individualism • Every Greek for himself • Demosthenes • Tried to warn Greece of King Philip • Athens and Thebes formed together • Philip’s 18 year old son, Alexander, led army to victory, conquering Greece

  4. PHILIP’S DEATH • Parade in honor of the marriage of Alexander and Cleopatra • Philip’s statue largest of all and entered stadium last • Philip wanted to enter without bodyguards • Stabbed close friend, maybe lover • Several theories behind assassination • Lover, plot of enemies, plot of wife/son

  5. REMAINS OF PHILIP II

  6. KING ALEXANDER • King at age 20 • Apprentice of Aristotle • Horse Bucephalus • Believed he was a relative of Achilles • Thebes started a rebellion • Alexander destroyed city • Killed 6,000 • Sold rest to slavery

  7. INVASION OF PERSIA • 35,000 soldiers • Darius III • King of Persians • 40,000 soldiers • Battle of Grancius River • Alexander rushed the Persian forces • Darius fled, his army followed • Victory of Anatolia

  8. OFFER OF PEACE • Darius III offered Alexander 1/3 of his empire for peace • Alexander’s advisors told him to accept • Because of how he won, he wanted all of Persia and the known world

  9. EGYPT • Welcomed as liberator of Egypt • 331 BC • Oasis of Siwah • Oracle of Amon • Egyptian King of the Gods • He was the true son of Zeus

  10. ALEXANDER’S EMPIRE • Alex moved east into Mesopotamia • Darius III assembled an army of 250,000 • Battle of Gaugamela • Alexander charged through Persian lines • Darius III fled AGAIN, army followed • Victory ended Persian power

  11. Alexander moves through Persian cities, through India Valley and into Asia • Never lost a battle • Army travels 11,000 miles in 11 years • Army wants to turn around • Babylon • Alexander contracts Malaria from a mosquito • 323 BC • Alexander dies

  12. ALEXANDER’S LEGACY • “My empire will go to the strongest General.” • Antigonus – King of Macedonia • Ptolemy – Egypt, became Pharaoh • Selecus – Old Persian Empire • Brought Greek culture to all of East • 14 Alexandria cities

  13. Overview of King Alex

  14. Full Movie

  15. HELLANISTIC AGE • Alexandria, Egypt • Center of commerce and trade • Diverse population of 500,000 • Lighthouse of Alexandria • 400 ft tall • Burned in fire • Museum and Library • Dedicated to Arts and Sciences

  16. LIGHT HOUSE AT ALEXANDRIA

  17. ASTRONOMY • Small observatory • Aristarchus of Samos • Sun was 300 times larger than earth (actually larger) • Earth and planets revolve around the sun • Theory was not supported • Ptolemy said earth was center (14 centuries)

  18. MATHMATICS AND PHYSICS • Euclid Opened school of geometry • Book called Elements • Archimedes • Accurately calculated Pi (π)

  19. EUCLID ARCHIMEDES

  20. COLOSSUS OF RHODES

  21. Q&A 1. Who was Philip II? 2. Who led the army that conquered Greece? 3. Who killed King Philip II? 4. Who led the Persians? 5. What happened to Alexander in Egypt? 6. Describe the Hellenistic Age.

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