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Noise at Workplace. Dr. Noor Hassim Ismail. Anatomy of Ear. 3 parts Outer ear Middle ear Inner ear Cochlea- hearing apparatus Vestibular- balancing of the body. Pathophysiology of hearing. How we hear? Air conduction Bone conduction. Conductive hearing loss
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Noise at Workplace Dr. Noor Hassim Ismail
Anatomy of Ear • 3 parts • Outer ear • Middle ear • Inner ear • Cochlea- hearing apparatus • Vestibular- balancing of the body
Pathophysiology of hearing • How we hear? • Air conduction • Bone conduction. • Conductive hearing loss • Sensorineural hearing loss
Effects of noise • Noise definition- unwanted sound. • Noise unit- intensity –decibel (dB), frequency(hertz –hz). • Type of sound based on frequency • Infrasonic (0-20 Hz) , • Audible (20-16,000) • Ultrasonic (> 16,000)
Factors contributing to noise hazard • Noise spectrum • Overall noise exposure • Duration of exposure • Individual susceptibility.
Type of noise • Steady state noise • Intermitent noise • Fluctuation noise • Impulse noise
Noise induced hearing loss Temporary permanent Rupture of ear drum Dislocation os ossicle Speech interference Annoyance Other effect Task performances Intrusion of privacy tinnitus’ Blood pressure Fatique Bood sugar Gastric acid secretions Effect of noise
Intermittent noise Less effect than steady state noise Impulse noise Effect depend on number of impulse exposed.
Hearing Conservation Programme • Indication s for the ed of a HCP • Difficulty in communication • Tinnitus after workking • Temporay losss of hearing
Elements of HCP • Assessment of noise exposure • Noise control • Audiometric testing programme • Medical evaluation and treatment • Health education and training • Provision of hearing protection • Establishment of proper record keeping.
Assessment of noise • Competent person • To know the noise level • Mapping the noise level • >85 dB (action level) – do HCP • < 85 dB – no HCP
Noise Control • Nose reduction activities to less than 85 dB • Engineering control • Administrative control • Both methods • Control strategies: • Sources • At path • Receiver
Education programme • To educate the workers • Training every 2 years • Teach them • Effect of noise • Control • Personel protective equipment and maintenance • Audiomeric test • Noise regulations • etc
Audiomeric testing programme • Baseline audiometric test • Periodic audiometric test • Objective the test: • To establish the hearing status. • To monitor hearing loss during period of employement • To identify worker who is secceptible to noise • To regulate noise hearing programme
Medical Evaluation and treatment • Abnormal audiogram refer to doctor • Hearing problems refer to doctor
Povision of hearing protectors • Ear plugs • Ear muffs • Factors deciding type of PPE. • Sound reduction properties • Comfort of worker • Cost • Approved by DOSH.
Name Job Location of employee Base line audiogram Occupational history Medical examination Keep record for 5years after stop work. Record Keeping