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What Next for Baseball?. (last revised 12/11/2008). Some Issues That Lie Ahead. Competitive balance Is it good enough? Probably – revenue growth has been strong. Standard deviation of winning percentages? Good (fairly low) in 2005-2008, though high in 2001-2004.
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What Next for Baseball? (last revised 12/11/2008)
Some Issues That Lie Ahead • Competitive balance • Is it good enough? Probably – revenue growth has been strong. • Standard deviation of winning percentages? • Good (fairly low) in 2005-2008, though high in 2001-2004. • Relation between payroll and winning? • Regular season: still positive, smaller than many think, smaller than in late 1990s • Virtually zero in American League in 2008 – fluke? • Postseason: somewhat smaller correlation, thanks to extra division and wild card • Standard deviation of payrolls? • Worse (higher) in 2007-2008 (41%) than in 2002 (36%), but … • About the same (34-35%) if you drop the outlier (Yankees) • Dynasties / repeat champions? (What people notice most?) • Eight World Series winners in past nine years (2000-2008) • Strong element of luck here. Consider: recent Yankee dynasty (1996-2000) • Stdev. of winning % was as good then as it is now! • It occurred during the wild-card and extra-division era (1994-) • Will it get better? • Changes to marginal tax rates should help, but how much? • New rule allowing union grievances against poor teams that pocket their shared revenue might help.
Other issues (cont’d) • TV/radio/Internet viewership • Big new contracts • Seven-year deal with FOX and Turner, 2007-2013 • $3 B total $14 M per team per year • Eight-year deal with ESPN, 2006-2013 • $2.7 B total $11 M per team per year • XM satellite radio deal: $2 M per team per year • New “cash cow”: MLB Advanced Media (Internet) • “Migration from broadcast [free] to cable [pay] TV” • Bad for baseball’s mass fan base? • World Series and All-Star Game ratings keep dropping
Other issues (cont’d) • New ballparks? New cities? • Yankees’ revenue advantage could become staggering with new stadium. • Will revenue sharing keep pace? • Stadium construction craze may have run its course. • Most teams have new stadiums by now. • What about the ones that don’t? • Taxpayers are increasingly resistant to paying for new stadiums, but stadium subsidies continue. • Current norm seems to be mixed public and private financing. • Revival of failed Senate bill to remove tax exemption for sports stadium bond interest? • MLB teams have long threatened to move if public won’t pay for new stadiums. • Finally happened with Expos. • More teams might be moving to cities that will pay for new stadiums. • Recession’s impact on public financing of stadiums? • Zimbalist: “stadium gentrification” may hurt baseball’s mass fan base • (not enough “cheap seats”)
Other issues (cont’d) • Player salaries • Have grown much more slowly than revenues • Salary share of revenues: • 59% in 2002 • 41% in 2007 • Average salary grew 3.6% in 2008 • Slowest growth in 4 years (declined in 2004) • Average salary = $2.9 million • Big contracts are still being signed, but in real terms those of winter 2000-01 still hold the records. • A-Rod’s $25 M would be $30 M in 2008 dollars • Jeter’s and Manny’s $19-20 M would be $24 M • Recession is likely to have impact on new contracts before long.