Chapter 13: Natural Resources

1. Chapter 13: Natural Resources 13.1 Natural resources support human activity 13.2 Minerals and rocks are nonrenewable resources 13.3 Resources can be conserved and recycled 13.4 Resources can be converted to useful forms

2. Warm-up True/False • Minerals can form when molten rock cools. • True • Minerals form within Earth but not on Earth’s surface. • Minerals form both within Earth and on its surface. • Ores are the rarest and most expensive of the known minerals. • Ores are rocks that contain enough of a mineral to be mined for profit.

3. The television or computer is probably used the most, but much of the time, they are left on when no one is watching or using them. Turning off appliances when they aren’t in use will conserve energy.

4. Conservation involves reducing waste and reusing natural resources • 1960s: each person in the United States produced 1.2 kilograms (2.7 lb) of trash a day • Today: that has more than doubled! • Add it up: the nation’s households produce about 236 million tons of trash each year! • Over ½ is buried in landfills

5. Conservation • Conservation – protecting, restoring, and managing natural resources so that they last as long as possible • Can be used to extend natural resources, to protect human health, and to slow the growing mountain of trash • Can reduce the amount of pollution released into the air, water, and soil • reducing and reusing!

6. Reduce • Reduce waste at the source: • a local store or your own home; Examples: • When choosing between two similar products, choose the one with less packaging • Packaging is a major source of paper and plastic waste • When brushing your teeth or washing your face, turn the water off until you are ready to rinse • can save 8 to 23 liters (2 to 6 gal.) of water a day, or 2920 to 8395 liters (730 to 2190 gal.) per year • When eating, at home, school, or out: use only the napkins and ketchup and mustard packets that you really need • Use energy-efficient light bulbs if you can! • Turn off lights and appliances when you are not using them!

7. Reuse • Conserves materials and resources • Do: • Refill plastic water bottles instead of buying new bottles* • * be sure to reuse the “right” kind!! (Not your #1 plastic in your lunch!) • Donate old clothes and other items instead of throwing them away • Rinse and reuse plastic sandwich and storage bags • Cut the top off a half-gallon container to make a watering can

8. How much more paper is thrown away than plastics? • about five times more • How much waste would be reduced if all food scraps and yard trimmings were composted? • Food (7.4%) yard trimmings (17.6%) = 25%

9. Braun cruZer razor: package that is 65% smaller and uses 66% less PET plastic - allowed for 167% more units to be shipped per pallet. This change alone will result in saving of an estimated 480,000 litres of fuel in shipping & handling, representing 1,270 tons of CO2 emissions. • The Sony Vaio W Series Eco Edition laptop not only has a case made from 20% recycled CD plastic material, it ships in a stylish carry case rather than a disposable cardboard box. • Panosonic: In 2009 they moved from plastic packs on all SD memory Card models, to 2-ply sealed paper Eco packs, reducing PET plastic used by 90%.

10. What are some ways that you can reduce waste and reuse natural resources? • Turn off the water when brushing your teeth, and donate old clothes instead of throwing them away.

11. Recycling involves recovering and extending natural resources • Recycling – involves recovering materials that people usually throw away • Recycling one aluminum can saves enough energy to run your tv for three hours • glass, aluminum cans, certain plastics, paper, scrap iron, and such metals as gold, copper, and silver

12. Recycling Statistics • Recycling 90% of the US’s Sunday newspapers (one day) saves save 500,000 trees = entire forest • Recycling one glass bottle: energy saved will light a 100-watt bulb for four hours • Recycling five 2-liter plastic bottles saves enough plastic fiber to fill a ski jacket • Recycling 36 bottles makes enough fiber for a square yard of synthetic carpet • It takes less energy to make products from recycled materials than to make new products

13. Recycling http://vimeo.com/catsnake/milk • Not every item can be recycled or reused • Even some types of plastic and glass items cannot be recycled • Remaining trash ends up in landfills! • Avoid items that cannot be recycled • Limitations • It takes time, energy, and money to collect waste materials, sort them, remove what can be used, and form new objects • Even still…helps extend available resources and protect human health and the environment • What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of recycling? benefits: less fossil fuels burned, fewer resources used drawbacks: time, energy, money needed to recycle