I’ve got the Power! Of ATP that is…..

1. I’ve got the Power!Of ATP that is…..

2. ATP? • Adenosine TriPhosphate • A modified adenosine nucleotide, w/ 3 P’s attached • The 3 P groups are unstable, and the end 2 are easily broken off(ATP hydrolysis) • This is an exergonic Reaction-energy is used everywhere in cells

3. The ATP cycle ATP hydrolysis ATP + H2O  ADP + P + energy

4. Where does it Come From?Cellular Respiration!! • This process oxidizes (removes electrons) glucose, & converts the chemical energy into ATP • This occurs in ALL types of cells, including plants • Can produce 38 ATP for one molecule of glucose-WOW!!! C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP • Takes place in 3 stages • Glycolysis (2 ATP)-cytoplasm • Kreb’s cycle (2 ATP)-mitochondria • Electron transport chain (34 ATP)-mitochondria

6. The Steps……. Kind of • All organisms start w/ glycolysis • This series of 10 reactions produces 2 ATP & occurs in the cytoplasm • What happens next depends on whether or not O2 is present!!!

7. Without O2…(anaerobic organisms) • Gylcolysis & then… • Fermentation-2 types • Alcoholic • Used by yeast & bacteria • Ethanol is a by-product • Lactic acid • Done by muscle cells during strenuous exercise (oxygen debt) • Fermentation only produces 2 ATP per glucose 

8. With O2…..Aerobic organisms • Start w/ glycolysis & then…. • The Kreb’s cycle & electron transport chain(ETC) • Both occur in mitochondria • Use electronegativity of O2 • Produce 34 ATP per glucose • CO2 & H2O are byproducts

9. What about photosynthesis? • Plants, algae, & cyanobacteria • Takes place in chloroplasts CO2 + H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + O2 • 2 stages: • Light reactions(produce energy, use water) • Calvin cycle(uses energy, produces glucose) • REMEMBER-plants carry out cellular respiration too!!!!

11. Relationship between Photosynthesis & respiration