1 / 34

Hadron Physics in America

Hadron Physics in America. L. Cardman. Venues for Hadronic Physics Today (and their near-term plans). Two Major Facilities: CEBAF @ Jefferson Lab (~6 GeV, cw, polarized electron beams) RHIC Spin @ BNL (up to 250 GeV polarized protons on polarized protons and heavy ions)

tavita
Download Presentation

Hadron Physics in America

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hadron Physics in America L. Cardman

  2. Venues for Hadronic Physics Today(and their near-term plans) Two Major Facilities: • CEBAF @ Jefferson Lab (~6 GeV, cw, polarized electron beams) • RHIC Spin @ BNL (up to 250 GeV polarized protons on polarized protons and heavy ions) A broad variety of experiments at facilities focused on other physics (e.g. EDM of neutron at LANSCE and Drell-Yan at FNAL) and at smaller facilities (e.g. HIgS at TUNL) Participation in many experiments at facilities overseas (e.g. Hermes)

  3. CEBAF @ Jefferson Lab • A 4 GeV (now 5.7 GeV), high intensity, cw electron accelerator built to investigate the structure of nucleons and nuclei • The approved research program includes 167 experiments on a broad variety of topics • Research operations began 10/95 • in full operation for 7½  years (since 11/97) • data for 118 full experiments and parts of 10 more are complete • results are emerging regularly in the published literature

  4. Arc Linac Linac Arc 3 End Stations

  5. Hall A: Two High Resolution (10-4) Spectrometers

  6. Hall B: The CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS)

  7. Hall C: A High Momentum and a Broad Range Spectrometer Setup Space for Unique Experiments

  8. JLab Scientific “Campaigns” The Structure of the Nuclear Building Blocks • How are the nucleons made from quarks and gluons? • What are the mechanism of confinement and the dynamics of QCD? • How does the NN Force arise from the underlying quark and gluon structure of hadronic matter? The Structure of Nuclei • What is the structure of nuclear matter? • At what distance and energy scale does the underlying quark and gluon structure of nuclear matter become evident? Symmetry Tests in Nuclear Physics • Is the “Standard Model” complete? What are the values of its free parameters?

  9. Enhanced Figure of Merit for Experiments Requiring Polarized Beam

  10. CEBAF@JLAB: Near Term Plans • Complete energy increase of base accelerator from the original 4.0 GeV design to today’s 5.7 GeV to 6.0 GeV(~1/07) • Complete development of high intensity (up to 200 mA) polarized beams with mid-term goal of >85% polarization and enhanced helicity correlated characteristics as driven by the approved program:Characteristic Achieved Goal position stability (nm) 2-3 1 intensity stability (ppm) 0.4 0.1 • Continue to run the physics program outlined briefly above

  11. RHIC Spin

  12. RHIC Spin Physics Program Transverse single/double spin physics Flavor Decompsition Gluon Polarization Transversity: Sivers vs. Collins effects & physics of higher twists; Pion interf. Fragmentation p0,+,- Production W physics Longitudinal single spin physics Heavy Flavors Transverse single spin physics Phenix-Local Polarimetry Prompt Photon

  13. RHIC Spin Future Plans For next four years Upgrade Plans Include: Factor of six enhancement of luminosity Operation at sqrt(s) = 500 GeV Luminosity Goals are: p – p 60 x 1030 cm-2 s-1; 70% polarization (100 GeV) 150 x 1030 cm-2 s-1; 70% polarization (100 GeV) (luminosity averaged over store delivered to 2 IRs) Note: w/ electron cooling might reach as high as 5 x 1032 cm-2 s-1

  14. Timeline for the Baseline RHIC Spin Program   Ongoing progress on p+p luminosity, pol’n in uncharted territory: • ~1 more order of magnitude needed in L, factor ~1.5 in P • Orderly plan for needed improvements in place aaab • Substantial running time needed: ~70 weeks overall • First phase of program uses existing detector:  s=200 GeV with present detectors for gluon pol’n (g) at higher x & transverse asymmetries

  15. High Intensity -Source at Duke Broad physics program planned for HIS • Nuclear Astrophysics • Few Body Physics • GDH Sum rule for deuterium • Nuclear Structure studies using NRF • Compton scattering from nucleons and few body nuclei • Pion Threshold studies • Commissioning of fully upgraded accelerator: Summer 2006 • Nuclear Physics Program begins Fall 2006: Dec. 06 – March 07 Linear Pol.- Below 50 MeV, >108 g/s Sept. 07 – Dec. 07 Circ. Pol. Up to 95 MeV, >108 g/s

  16. E906 at FNAL (d/u for the proton)Anticipated start FY09 Relative to E866/NuSea: • Cross section scales as 1/s • 7 that of 800 GeV beam • Backgrounds, primarily from J/ decays scale as s • 7 Luminosity for same detector rate as 800 GeV beam 50 statistics!!

  17. Mid-Term Prospects (to ~2012) • Continued Operation of CEBAF@JLab and RHIC Spin) • Experiments like E906 @ FNAL and the HIgS program • Enhancements of RHIC Spin • Construction of the JLab 12 GeV Upgrade

  18. Timeline for the Baseline RHIC Spin Program   Ongoing progress on p+p luminosity, pol’n in uncharted territory: • ~1 more order of magnitude needed in L, factor ~1.5 in P • Orderly plan for needed improvements in place • Substantial running time needed: ~70 weeks overall • Program divides into 2 phases:  s=200 GeV with present detectors for gluon pol’n (g) at higher x & transverse asymmetries; s=500 GeV with detector upgrades for g at lower x & W prod’n

  19. The JLab 12 GeV UpgradeMajor Programs in Four Areas: • The experimental study of the confinement of quarks – one of the outstanding questions of the 21st century physics • Dramatic improvements in our knowledge of the fundamental quark-gluon structure of the nuclear building blocks • Further exploration of the limits of our understanding of nuclei in terms of nucleons and the N-N force • Precision experiments with sensitivity to TeV scale physics beyond the Standard Model • And other science we can’t foresee

  20. Upgrade magnets and power supplies CHL-2 Enhance equipment in existing halls Add new hall 12 11 6 GeV CEBAF

  21. D High Resolution Spectrometer (HRS) Pair, and specialized large installation experiments 9 GeV tagged polarized photons and a 4 hermetic detector Enhanced Equipment in Halls A, B, & C and a New Hall D C Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) at high luminosity and forward angles B A CLAS upgraded to higher (1035) luminosity and coverage

  22. 12 GeV Upgrade: Project Schedule • 2004-2005 Conceptual Design (CDR) • 2004-2008 Research and Development (R&D) • 2006 Advanced Conceptual Design (ACD) • 2007-2009 Project Engineering & Design (PED) • 2007-2008 Long Lead Procurement • 2008-2012 Construction • 2011-2013 Pre-Ops (beam commissioning)

  23. Progress Toward 12 GeV • CD-0 in March 2004 • DOE Science Review (April 2005) • Formal DOE review, “Certified” the Science case for the Upgrade “The overall proposed program represents an impressive coherent framework of research directed towards one of the top frontiers of contemporary science: the exploration of confinement, a unique phenomenon of the strong Interaction, one of the four fundamental forces of nature.”“…these experimental studies are challenging, but feasible with the proposed upgrade,… they are essential to advance our theoretical understainding of confinement and the structure of hadrons and nuclei,… and they have a high probability for discoveries leading to significant paradigm shifts.”the upgrade “also provides a unique opportunity to use the electroweak interaction to search for physics beyond the Standard Model” • DOE “CD-1” Review (July 2005) • Formally in preparation for DOE Critical Decision CD-1, which defines the Preliminary Baseline Range • Passed with flying colors: No action items; all CD-1 prerequisites certified as “met” • Awaiting Formal CD-1 • Expect this Fall

  24. Longer Term Prospects (2013 and Beyond) • Operation of the CEBAF@12 GeV • Continuation of RHIC Spin • Plans developing now for a new electon-ion collider that would be constructed during this period, focused on the next generation of DIS and DES experiments • There are two competing designs: • ELIC (JLab) • eRHIC (BNL)

  25. Science Motivating the Next Generation Collider • How do quarks and gluons provide the binding and spin of the nucleons? • What is the quark-gluon structure of mesons? • How do quarks and gluons evolve into hadrons? • How does energy convert to mass? • How does nuclear binding originate from quarks and gluons? • How do gluons behave in nuclei? • ……..

  26. ELIC/eRHIC Complementary to the Physics of the 12 GeV Upgrade g g 12 GeV 12 GeV Collider 12 GeV will access the valence quark regime (x > 0.3), where the quark properties are not masked by the sea quarks and glue The Collider will focus on the low-x regime (x<0.1), where the glue dominates (and eventually saturates)

  27. A Draft Experimental Program for the Next-Generation Electron-Ion Collider • Nucleon structure, role of quarks and gluons in the nucleons • Un-polarized quark and gluon distributions, confinement in nucleons • Polarized quark and gluon distributions (LOWEST POSSIBLE X) • Correlations between partons • Exclusive processes--> Generalized Parton Distributions • Understanding confinement with low x/lowQ2 measurements • Meson Structure: • Goldstone bosons and play a fundamental role in QCD • Nuclear Structure, role of partons in nuclei • Confinement in nuclei through comparison e-p/e-A scattering • Hadronization in nucleons and nuclei & effect of nuclear media • How do knocked off partons evolve in to colorless hadrons • Partonic matter under extreme conditions • For various A, compare e-p/e-A

  28. Ion Linac and pre Ion Linac and pre Ion Linac and pre Electron Cooling - - - booster booster booster IR IR IR IR IR IR Snake Snake Snake Solenoid Solenoid Solenoid 3 3 3 - - - 7 GeV 7 GeV 7 GeV electrons electrons electrons 30 30 30 - - - 150 GeV light ions 150 GeV light ions 150 GeV light ions Electron Injector CEBAF with Energy Recovery CEBAF with Energy Recovery CEBAF with Energy Recovery Beam Dump Beam Dump Beam Dump ELIC Layout

  29. The same electron accelerator can also provide 25 GeV electrons for fixed target experiments for physics (ELFE @ JLab) • Implement 5-pass recirculator, at 5 GeV/pass, as in present CEBAF (One accelerating & one decelerating pass through CEBAF  20-65 GeV CM Collider Program) • Exploring whether collider and fixed target modes can run simultaneously

  30. eRHIC – Two Possible Machine Designs

  31. Ring-Linac Design (1)

  32. Ring-Linac Design (2)

  33. Luminosity vs. CM Energy • ELIC at Jlab • 3-7 GeV e- on 30-150 GeV p (both polarized) • 20-65 GeV CM Energy • Polarized light ions • Luminosity as high as 0.8x1035 cm-2 sec-1 luminosity • eRHIC at BNL • 5-10 GeV e- on 50-150 GeV p (both polarized) • 30-100 GeV CM Energy • Polarized light ions • Heavy ion beams available • Luminosity from 1033 to perhaps as high as 1034 cm-2 sec-1 (depending on design choice) ELIC-JLab TESLA-N eRHIC - BNL

  34. Conclusion: A Fascinating Time for Hadronic Physics • Tremendous activity today (w/ CEBAF and RHIC Spin and many other projects) within the hadronic physics community in America • Major enhancements in our capabilities are in progress: • JLab Upgrade to 12 GeV • RHIC Spin luminosity and detectors • Experiments like E906 at FNAL • HIgS • ……. • Advanced planning for the longer term: • ELIC @ JLab or eRHIC @ BNL

More Related