3D Rendering through a Low Cost High Performance Distributed Computing System

2. 3D Rendering through a Low Cost High Performance Distributed Computing System Manalang, Clarisse M. Marco, Maria Laura S. Razon, Katrina M.

3. Outline • Statement of the problem • Significance of the study • Objectives • Scope and Limitation • Review of Related Literature • High Performance Computing • Distributed Computing • Rendering • Methodology • Block diagram • Physical Setup • Test & Evaluation

4. Statement of the Problem • Is there a way to obtain a high speed rendering performance using available PCs? • Is it possible to say that money is not an obstacle in obtaining this? • Is it possible to obtain this through distributed computing?

5. Significance of the study • faster rendering ability with a minimal cost • speed up the rendering process using the available resources • reference for future researches • broaden the understanding about distributed computing

6. Objectives • Obtain high performance computing system at a low cost • Utilize the available computers • Achieve a high speed rendering of Computer-Aided Designs (CAD) through the use of distributed computing

7. Objectives • Prove that distributed computing can achieve the same speed as supercomputers

8. Scope & Limitation • Use eight computers to be connected in the network • Only rendering Computer-Aided Designs(CAD) using Rendering and Queue Manager programs shall be the task of the project • Computers to be used must be the computers available in the Ateneo laboratories (CISCO) • Run only in Linux-based environment • Limited to obtaining high speed and low cost rendering through distributed computing.

9. Review of Related Literature

10. High Performance Computing • High performance computing (HPC) is the use of parallel processing for running advanced application programs efficiently, reliably and quickly. • High performance computing applies to systems that function above a teraflop or 1012 flops. • HPC uses supercomputers or computer clusters to solve advanced computation problems.

11. HPC in Weather Forecasting Climateprediction.net (CPDN) distributed computing project to investigate and reduce uncertainties in climate modelling.

12. HPC in Astrophysics Visualization of an astrophysics simulation to discover the mechanism behind the violent death of short-lived, massive stars.

13. HPC in Business MoneyBee® is a distributed computing project similar to Seti@home: users donate their PC´s computing capacity to calculate stock movements.

14. Supercomputing Supercomputer is one of the fastest kinds of computer. It is a machine used to perform parallel processing through the use of multiple processing elements. It is very expensive and is commonly used for special applications that require intense calculation tasks.

15. Computer Clusters • We define a cluster as set of computers which are connected to each other, and are physically located close to each other. • A type of parallel or distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected computers and is used as a single, unified computing resource. • Beowulf - computer cluster built using primarily commodity components and running an Open Source operating system.

16. High Performance Computing • “Apply Cluster and Grid Computing on Parallel 3D Rendering” • Chao-Tung Yang and Yang-Chung Chang • PC cluster consisting of one master node and nine diskless slave nodes • Built for the purpose parallel rendering • Two heterogeneous PC clusters and the clusters, set to different subnets then used a grid middleware to connect the two clusters to form a grid computing environment on multiple Linux PC clusters. • Installed software to manage and monitor incoming or outgoing computing job and schedule the job to achieve high performance computing and high CPU utilization.

17. Seti@Home Scientific experiment that uses Internet-connected computers in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). Currently the largest distributed computing effort with over 3 million users.

18. Distributed Computing • A distributed computing system is a group of multiple autonomous processors which are interconnected by a communication subnet to interact in a cooperative way to achieve an overall goal. (Ananda, 1991) • The Distributed Computing Server take distributed computing requests and divide the processes into smaller tasks that can run on the individual PCs. • After the machines run the programs, the server assembles the results sent back by the clients and combines them to solve a big rendering task.

19. Advantages of Distributed Computing • Distributed systems do not require pricey electrical power, environmental controls, and extra infrastructure that a supercomputer requires. • unlike supercomputers which programs are written in specialized languages, applications in distributed computing can be written in basic languages like C and C++. • Distributed computing also improves the speed of processes.

20. Distributed Computing • A study conducted in Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, entitled “Grid Based Computer rendering” used render farms, or a cluster of interconnected computers, to boost the rendering speed. • By employing two different clusters with a total of 60 remote computing nodes for rendering, the rendering time has been greatly reduced. A 3D picture having 100 frames have been rendered for only 2mins. 50sec.

21. Rendering • Is the process of producing a 2D image based on 3D model. (Jerry Bim)

22. Rendering

23. Rendering PRE-RENDERING A wire frame sketch RENDERING realistic lighting, shadows, atmosphere, color, texture, and optical effects key goal: High-quality photorealistic rendering of complex scenes

24. Rendering applications • Architecture • Video games • Simulations • Movie • TV special effects • Design visualization

25. Rendering Problem • Sampling & filtering • More samples ≈ more realistic images ≈ more intensive CPU process ≈ more TIME

26. Reduce rendering time • Supercomputers • Distributed computing

27. Eka, Asia’s Fastest Supercomputer • fastest supercomputer in Asia today and is a main component of 3D animation in Pune, India. • Rendered the film Roadside Rodeo in 5 months • Overall cycle time reduction by around 85%

28. Using 3D Computer Animation Tools to Render Complex Simulations • simulations and visualizations of the terrorist attack on the Pentagon building that happened on Sept. 11, 2001 • supercomputers were being used to get useful results. • this project was halted due to lack of computing resources. • The researchers are thinking of the possibility of using distributed computing

29. Methodology

30. A. Block Diagram Join the computer to a domain Scout for available PCs Centralized server resources Add additional PC & Troubleshoot Choose an operating system Program Queuing Manager and render software Configure a server Implement star topology Testing & Analysis Submit Results

31. B. Physical Setup GIGABIT SWITCH 1 GBpS SERVER AVAILABLE COMPUTERS

32. C. Test & Evaluation • compare the rendering time of 3D files using • 8 computers w/ low specs (last sem) • 8 computers w/ low specs (PC in the lab) • Supercomputer rendering time using Testbench

33. COST ESTIMATE

34. GANTT CHART

35. Thank You!!