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Thomas & Chess

Thomas & Chess. Longitudinal study in the early 1950s regarding infant temperament Measured nine temperament characteristics each of which affects how well a child fits in at school, with their friends, and at home. Identified three types: easy, difficult, slow to warm up

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Thomas & Chess

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  1. Thomas & Chess • Longitudinal study in the early 1950s regarding infant temperament • Measured nine temperament characteristics each of which affects how well a child fits in at school, with their friends, and at home. • Identified three types: easy, difficult, slow to warm up (1)activity level(2)regularity-eating/sleeping/elimination(3)new object approach or withdrawal(4)Adaptability (5)sensitivity to stimuli (6)intensity of reaction (7)quality of mood(8) distractibility (9)attention span and persistence

  2. Abraham Maslow Created the Hierarchy of Needs which includes the most fundamental needs going up to self-actualization Studied the healthiest 1% of college population Believed that every human had the capacity to reach highest potential

  3. Can I trust the world? Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Is it okay to be me?

  4. Eric Erikson Stage 3 and 4 Stage 3: 3 to 5 Years Ego Development Outcome: Initiative vs. GuiltBasic Strength: Purpose • Copy adults around them • Create play situations • make up stories • play out roles Stage 4: 6 to 12 Years Ego Development Outcome: Industry vs. InferiorityBasic Strengths: Method and Competence • Capable of learning, creating and accomplishing new skills and • knowledge-Industry • Social stage of development • Most significant relationship is with the school and neighborhood

  5. “It is only after a reasonable sense of identity has been established that real intimacy with others can be possible.” ~Erik Erikson: Identity and the Life Cycle, 1959 Stage 5 Who am I? What is my goal in life? Adolescent: 12-18 years of age Identity vs. Role Confusion Devoted to causes, friends, and ideals Developing a sense of morality: right and wrong Success=Virtue of Fidelity Stage 6 Young Adult:18-35 Can I love? Significant relationships: marriage partner and friends Intimacy vs. Isolation Success=Virtue of Love

  6. Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development

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