In text Citations

1. In text Citations

2. Use of the exact words from a text, film, tape, or interview What people say What others say about people Descriptive passages or phrases Statistics Definitions What is citing?

3. To provide specific detail or evidence to support opinions To include facts to illustrate or prove a point To emphasize a point To add credibility by including the opinions of experts. Why cite?

4. ? Why Use MLA Format? • Protects yourself from plagiarism • Allows readers to cross-reference your sources easily • Provides consistent format within a discipline • Gives you credibility as a writer

5. Why Use MLA Format? • The correct documentation of your sources is serious business! • If you plagiarize, even inadvertently, you may flunk your class, be expelled from college, suspended from NHS> • Plagiarism in your professional career can result in being sued, fired, and publicly embarrassed

6. Where Do I Find MLA Format? • MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th ed. • Composition textbooks • NHS website: Norwood High School Research Paper Handbook • http://members.aol.com/Bradynhs/ResearchPaper/HomePage.html

7. MLA Style: TwoParts • In text/ Parenthetical Citations • Works Cited Page

8. When Should You Use In Text/ Parenthetical Documentation? • When quoting/citing words any that are not your own • Quoting/citing means to repeat another source word for word, using quotation marks.

9. When Should You Use In Text/ Parenthetical Documentation? • When summarizingfacts and ideas from a source • When paraphrasingfacts and ideas from a source

10. When Do You Cite? Don’t fall into the trap of plagiarism! If the idea or information you are using did not originate in your own mind . . . cite it!

11. Keys to In-Text Citations Readability! • Keep references brief • Give only information needed to identify the source on your Works Cited page--cross-referencing! • Do not repeat unnecessary information

12. Handling In-Text Citations Typical in-text citation: Citation with source author mentioned in text:

13. Handling In-Text Citations Consecutive citations from the samesource:

14. Handling In-Text Citations Sometimes more information is necessary. • More than one author with the same last name (W. Wordsworth 23) (D. Wordsworth 224) • More than one work by the same author • (Joyce, Portrait 121) (Joyce, Ulysses 556) • Different volumes of a multi-volume work(Jones 1: 336) • Citing indirect sources(Johnson qtd. in Boswell 450)

15. Handling In-Text Citations Other problems: • If the source has no known author, then use an abbreviated version of the title: Full Title: “California Cigarette Tax Deters Smokers” In-text Citation: (“California ” A14) • If the source is only one page in length or is a web page with no apparent pagination: Source: Dave Poland’s “Hot Button” web column In-text Citation: (Poland)

16. When To Use Quotations Choose your quotations carefully and for specific reasons. • Later reference • Memorable language • Authority • Accuracy • Brevity

17. When To Use Quotations Choose your quotations carefully and for specific reasons. • Use quotations to support your argument • A short phrase or sentence is more easily understood than a long quotation. • Look for the "kernel" or the most important part of the quotation and extract it. • Paraphrase a quotation in your own words when possible.

18. Handling Long Quotations

19. Handling Quotes in Your Text There are many different combinations and variations within MLA citation format. If you run into something unusual, look it up!

20. Where can you go for additional help with MLA documentation? • NHS home page • MLA Handbook