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ELBOW JOINT

Elbow joint explained

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ELBOW JOINT

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  1. THE ELBOW JOINT BY R M T

  2. Main Points. • Type • Articulation • Capsule • Synovial membrane • Ligaments • Bursae • Relations • Innervation • Blood Supply • Movements

  3. Type It is the Synovial Hinge Joint. Allowing the movement in a single plane. Is located 2-3 cm inferior to the epicondyles of humerus.

  4. Articulation. Radio-humeral: Capitulum of Humerus with the disk shaped head of Radius. Ulno-Humeral: Trochlea of Humerus and the trochlear notch of Ulna The Articular surface is covered with Hyline cartilage

  5. CAPSULE: Anteriorly: Above it is attached along the margins of coronoid and radial fossa & to the front of epicondyles Below it is attached to the coronoid process of ulna & to the annular ligament Posteriorly: Above it is attached to the margins of olecranon fossa Below it is attached to upper margins and sides of olecranon process of ulna and to the annular ligament.

  6. Synovial Membrane : Lines the capsule & covers the fatty pad in floor of coronoid radial and olecranon fossa. It is continuous with the synovial membrane of Radioulnar joint It is weak and is strengthened by collateral ligaments

  7. Ligaments: Annular:Encircles and holds the head of radius. Radial Collateral: It is also known as lateral ligament. Is attached from lateral epicondyle of humerus to the upper margin of annular ligament. Ulnar colletral: Also known as the medial ligament of Elbow joint. Is attached from medial epicondyle of humerus to the olecranon and the coronoid process of ulna

  8. Bursae: There are three Olecranon bursae. Intratendinous: Is present in the tendons of biceps Brachii Subtendinous: Is located b/w Olecranon and Triceps tendon just proximal to its attachment at the olecranon. Subcutaneous: Present at the subcutaneous connective tissue over the olecranon.

  9. Relations: Anteriorly: Brachialis, Tendon of Biceps, Median Nerve & Brachial Artery Posteriorly: The triceps & Olecranon Bursae Medially: The Ulnar Nerve Laterally: The Supinator & Common Extensor Ligament

  10. Innervation Branches of Radial, Ulnar, Median & Musculocutaneous Nerve

  11. Blood Supply Blood Supply is through the Anastomosis around the Elbow joint B/W radial collateral artery and radial recurrent artery anterior to the lateral epicondyle. B/W middle collateral artery and interosseous recurrent artery posterior to lateral epicondyle. B/W anterior ulnar recurrent artery and Inferior ulnar collateral artery anterior to the medial epicondyle. B/W Posterior ulnar recurrent artery and superior ulnar collateral artery posterior to the medial collateral.

  12. Movements There are two types of movements at the elbow joint those occur in Sagittal/Median plane Flexion: Is facilitated by Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis & Pronator teres. Extension: Is done by Triceps & Anconeus.

  13. Carrying Angle In an extended forearm Axis of the Forearm lies at an angle to the axis of arm. The angle is known as the carrying angle. It is 170 degree in males whereas 167 in females.

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