Naming Inorganic Compounds

1. Naming Inorganic Compounds AP Chemistry

2. We will focus on: • Ions • Cations • Single and polyatomic • Anions • Single • Polyatomic • Oxyanions • Anions derived by adding H+

3. Cations • Cations are the + • We name monoatomic ions as follows: • Keep name and add the word -ion • Two systems Fe2+ iron (II) ion Fe3+ iron (III) ion Fe2+ ferrous ion Fe3+ ferric ion Also called Cu+ copper (I) ion Cu2+ copper (II) ion Also called Cu+ cuprous ion Cu2+ cupric ion

4. Polyatomic cations • Ammonium ion • Hydronium ion

5. Anions • Anions are – • Name as follows: • chop off ending and add –ide • For example: • Hydride ion • Oxide ion • Nitride ion • Some polyatomics: OH- CN- O22-

6. Polyatomic anions containing oxygen • These are called oxyanions • They are named by # of oxygen atoms • For example: SO42- Sulfate SO32- Sulfite NO3- nitrate NO2- nitrite -ate ending goes to the ion is series with more oxygen -ite goes to the lower ion in series

7. Polyatomic anions containing oxygen cont.. • Prefixes used when there is up to 4 in series • For example: • ClO4- perchlorate ion • ClO3- chlorate ion • ClO2- chlorite ion • ClO- hypochlorite ion

8. Anions w/ H+ • Carbonate ion hydrogen carbonate • Phosphate ion dihydrogen phosphate CO32- HCO3- PO33- H2CO3- Older method added mono and bi..such as sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3

9. Ionic Compounds • Just put them together! • Cation + Anion equals name • For example: • Barium bromide • Aluminum nitrate • Copper (II) perchlorate • Sodium permanganate

10. Name / write formulas for the following • Sodium nitrite • Hydrogen peroxide • K2Cr2O7 • Calcium hypochlorite • Strontium Sulfite

11. Names of acids • Two ways of naming: • Acids based on anions that end in –ide • Acids based on anions that end in –ate or -ite Cl- Chloride ion HCl hydrochloric acid S2- sulfide ion H2S hydrosulfuric acid • ClO4- perchlorate ion HClO4 perchloric acid • ClO3- chlorate ion HClO3 chloric acid • ClO2- chlorite ion HClO2 chlorous acid • ClO- hypochlorite ion HClO hypochlorous acid

12. Naming Compounds Flashcard Activity • Write the following cations and anions on flashcards and practice combining then together to make compounds

13. Monoatomin Cations

14. Polyatomic Anions • Write the polyatomic ions on index cards and the name on the reverse side

15. Name the following • C2H302- • CO32- • SO42- • ClO3- • ClO2- • ClO-

16. Write formulas for the following • nitrate • nitrite • perchlorate • phosphate • Sulfide • Fluorine • Bromide • Iodide • Chloride

17. Acids • Make an H+ card • Use the following to make acids • acetate, C2H302- • carbonate, CO32- • sulfate, SO42- • chlorate, ClO3- • chlorite, ClO2- • hypochlorite, ClO- • nitrate, NO3- • nitrite, NO2- • perchlorate, ClO4- • phosphate, PO43- Sulfide S2- Fluorine F- Bromide Br- Iodide I- Chloride Cl-

18. Name these acids • HCN • HNO3 • H2SO4 • H2SO3 • Hydrobromic Acid HBr • Hydrocarbonic Acid H2CO3 Hydrocyanic acid Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Sulfurous acid

19. Covalent compounds • Nonmetal + nonmetal • Sharing of electrons! • Element w/ lower electronegativity is first One – mono six - hexa Two – di seven - hepta Three – tri eight - octa Four – tetra nine - nona Five – penta ten - deca

20. Covalent Compounds • Name the following • N2O5 • CCl4 • S3N2