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BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK

BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK. KLASIFIKASI BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK. ENERGI. KONSENTRAT. PROTEIN. SUCCULENT. HIJAUAN. DRY. BMT. VITAMIN. MINERAL. ADDITIVE. BMT SUMBER ENERGI. GRAIN / BUTIRAN JAGUNG SORGHUM WHEAT BARLEY, dll 2. AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCT BEKATUL RICE POLLARD WHEAT POLLARD

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BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK

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  1. BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK

  2. KLASIFIKASI BAHAN PAKAN TERNAK ENERGI KONSENTRAT PROTEIN SUCCULENT HIJAUAN DRY BMT VITAMIN MINERAL ADDITIVE

  3. BMT SUMBER ENERGI • GRAIN / BUTIRAN • JAGUNG • SORGHUM • WHEAT • BARLEY, dll • 2. AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCT • BEKATUL • RICE POLLARD • WHEAT POLLARD • DEDAK, dll • 3. ROOT / TUBER • KETELA • TARO • UBI, dll • 4. OIL • MINYAK • LEMAK, dll

  4. WHEAT GRAIN FRACTION SEED COATING GERM ENDOSPERM TABLE FLOUR FEED FLOUR BRAN ALEURONE BRAN MILLRUN POLLARD WHEAT GRAIN

  5. WHEAT GRAIN: • BRAN • VITAMIN • PROTEIN • GERM • LEMAK • VITAMIN LARUT DLM LEMAK • MINERAL • ENDOSPERM • PATI • GLUTEN PROTEIN ENDOSPERM: - ALBUMEN 10% HIGH LYS, ARG, HIS - GLOBULIN 10% - GLIADIN 40% LOW LYS, TRYP - GLUTELIN 40%

  6. FRAKSI BIJI dan KANDUNGAN THIAMIN

  7. SUGAR DEXTRINS AVAILABLE CH STARCHES PECTINS TOTAL CH GUMS HEMICELLULOSES UNAVAILABLE CH or CELLULOSE DIETARY FIBRE CF LIGNIN DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE FRACTION

  8. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 1. JAGUNG - 7-12% CP AS FED, 9-13% AS DM - 3370 kcal/kg - CRYPTOZANTHIN - FAT: HIGHLY UNSATURATED - INCLUSION: NO LIMITATION 2. SORGHUM - 6-16% CP AS FED, 7 -18% AS DM - 3300 kcal/kg - TANNIN - TOLERATE: BROILER 0.1%, LAYER 1% - INCLUSION: NO LIMITATION FOR LOW TANNIN SORGHUM

  9. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 3. ROUGH RICE - 6.8% CP - 2900 kcal/kg - HULL 25%: 40% CF, 11-19% SILICA - SUBSITUTE 50% OF THE GRAIN - LIMITATION: VERY YOUNG STOCK 4. WHEAT - 9.8-18.5% CP AS FED; 11-21% CP AS DM - 2980-3180 kcal/kg - FOR BEST RESULT SHOULD BE COARSELY GROUND - NO LIMITATION

  10. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 5. BROWN RICE and RICE POLISHED - BROWN RICE 8.5% CP; 2860 kcal/kg ME - RICE POLISHED 7.3% CP; 3100 kcal/kg ME - NO LIMITATION TO POULTRY - TOLERATE: BROILER 0.1%, LAYER 1% - INCLUSION: NO LIMITATION FOR LOW TANNIN SORGHUM 6. RICE POLLARD - HULL, GERM, BRAN, POLISHING - 8.7%-13.1% CP; 2980 kcal/kg ME - 14-18% FAT  LINOLEIC ACID  LAYER - GOOD SOURCE OF VITAMIN B12 - HIGH FAT CONTENT  RANCIDITY - INCLUSION 50%

  11. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 7. MILLRUN - CONTAIN: BRAN, ALEURON, FEED FLOUR, GERM - 17.2% CP; 2050 kcal/kg ME - LIMITATION TO VERY YOUNG STOCK - AUTOMATIC FEEDER: BRIDGING - NO NUTRITIONAL LIMITATION, BUT PHYSICAL 8. WHEAT BRAN - CONTAIN: BRAN AND ALEURON - 14.6% CP; 1860 kcal/kg ME - AUTOMATIC FEEDER: BRIDGING, BUT 15% SAFE - INCLUSION: SOW & FINISHER 30%, POULTRY 20% - NOT RECOMMENDED FOR VERY YOUNG STOCK

  12. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 9. WHEAT POLLARD - CONTAIN: BRAN, ALEURON, FEED FLOUR - 15% CP; 2240 kcal/kg ME - LIMITATION TO VERY YOUNG STOCK - AUTOMATIC FEEDER: BRIDGING - NO NUTRITIONAL LIMITATION, BUT PHYSICAL 10. CORN GLUTEN - BY-PRODUCT OF THE WET MILLING OF MAIZE - 64.6% CP; 3800 kcal/kg ME - IMBALANCE AA - LOW PALABILITY - INCLUSION: 5-15%

  13. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 11. CASSAVA ROOT MEAL - 2.5% CP - 2930-3100 kcal/kg - LINAMARIN AND LOTAUSTRALIN - FAT: HIGHLY UNSATURATED - INCLUSION: NO LIMITATION ON CORRECTLY PROCESSED 12. MOLASSES - 21700 kcal/kg - HIGH POTASSIUM  DIARHE - 79.5 BRIX 1.39 kg/LITER - INCLUSION: 5%

  14. BMT SUMBER ENERGI 13. FAT - TALLOW  SOLID AT 40OC - LARD  SOLID AT 20-40OC - OIL  LIQUID BELLOW 20OC - 8800 kcal/kg - POLYUNSATURATED CONTENT: - COCONUT 1% - TALLOW 3% - OLIVE OIL 8% - LARD 10% - PEANUT OIL 30% - SESAME SEED OIL 40% - COTTONSEED 50% - MAIZE GERM OIL 55% - SOYBEAN 60% - SUNFLOWER 65% - RAPESEED 70% - COD LIVER OIL 80% - HERRING OIL 80%

  15. JENIS ASAM LEMAK SATURATED BUTYRIC ACID C4 : 0 CAPROIC ACID C6 : 0 CAPRYLIC ACID C8 : 0 CAPRIC ACID C10 : 0 LAURIC ACID C12 : 0 MYRISTIC ACID C14 : 0 PALMITIC ACID C16 : 0 STEARIC ACID C18 : 0 ARACHIDIC ACID C20 : 0 MONOSATURATED PALMITOLEIC ACID C16 : 1 OLEIC ACID C18 : 1 ERUCIC ACID C22 : 1 PUFA LINOLEIC ACID C18 : 2 LINOLENIC ACID C18 : 3 ARACHIDONIC ACID C20 : 4

  16. Efek asam lemak pada plasma JENIS PLASMA ASAM LEMAK KOLESTEROL TRIGLISERIDA -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C8:0-C10:0N I C12:0 I N C14:0 II N C16:0 II N C18:0II I C18:1N N C18:2D D OTHER PUFA D D

  17. KOMPOSISI PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN

  18. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN PAKAN UNGGAS 70-80% BMT SUMBER ENERGI 20-30% BMT SUMBER PROTEIN 10% ADDITIVE, VIT MINERAL MIX

  19. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN • SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI • BUNGKIL-BUNGKILAN (OILSEED MEAL) • BIJI LEGUMINOSA (LEGUME GRAIN) • TEPUNG DAUN (GREEN MEAL) • LAIN-LAIN (MISCELLANEOUS) • SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI • MARINE PRODUCT • SLAUGHTER HOUSE BY-PRODUCT • MILK PRODUCT • ANIMAL WASTE

  20. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN • 4. LAIN-LAIN • INDUSTRIAL BYPRODUCT • FERMENTATION RESIDUES • SINGLE CELL PROTEIN • SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI • BUNGKIL-BUNGKILAN • SOYBEAN MEAL • COTTON SEED MEAL • GROUNDNUT MEAL • RAPE SEED MEAL • SUNFLOWER MEAL • COCONUT MEAL • SESAME MEAL • CASTOR SEED MEAL • KAPOK SEED MEAL • BIJI LEGUMINOSA • KACANG HIJAU • KEDELE • BIJI KECIPIR • TEPUNG DAUN • DAUN LAMTORO • DAUN UBI JALAR, DLL

  21. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN • 2. SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI • MARINE PRODUCT • FISH MEAL • SHRIMP MEAL • SLAUGHTER HOUSE BY-PRODUCT • MEAT AND BONE MEAL • BLOOD MEAL • HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL • POULTRY BY-PRODUCT MEAL • NOVEL FEED • INSECT • FLY LARVAE AND PUPAE • SILKWORM PUPAE • GRASSHOPPERS • MORMON CRICKET • TERMITE • BEES • EARTHWORM • MILK PRODUCT

  22. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN • ANIMAL WASTE • POULTRY WASTE • POULTRY LITTER • SWINE WASTE • CATTLE WASTE

  23. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI

  24. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI

  25. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI OIL SEED MEAL MECHANICAL PRESSING SOLVENT EXCTRACTED - <2% FAT - LOWER ENERGY - 5-10% FAT - HIGHER ENERGY - OVER 140OC - DESTROY AA - LOWER AA AVAILABILITY - PROT-REDUCING SUGAR - LYS, ARG, THRE, LEU, TRYP

  26. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI A. OILSEED MEAL 1.SOYBEAN MEAL - 40-48% CP - 2200-2400 Kkal - BALANCED AA - ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTOR 2.COTTONSEED MEAL - 100 kg FIBER160 kg SEED - 52% MEAL, 23% HULL, 17% OIL, 8% LINTERS - 38% CP - 2000 Kkal - LOWER LYS 4.2% - GOSSYPOL - 0.16% LAYER, 0,07% BROILER - MACHANICAL 0.02-0.05% - SOLVENT 0.04-0.40% - SAFETY FACTOR 0.3%

  27. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI 3.GROUNDNUT MEAL - 44-47% CP, 13% CF, 7% FAT - 2300 Kkal - LOWER LYS - TANNIN 4.COCONUT MEAL - 35-40% RENDEMENT - 20-22% CP, 14% CF, 18% FAT - LOWER LYS, 3% - 2000 Kkal - 20-24% INCLUSION

  28. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI 5.KAPOK SEED MEAL - 30% CP, 18% CF, 6% FAT - 1300 Kkal - LOW LYS 4.2%, HIGH TYR 6.7% - CYCLOPROPENOID ACID  YOLK COLOR - TANNIN - GOOD RUMINANT FEED - INCLUSION 10% FOR POULTRY 6.RUBBER SEED MEAL - 26% CP, 9% CF, 10% FAT - 2100 Kkal - LOWER LYS, 3.6% - HCN, 20-40mg/kg (FRESH SEED 1200-2000mg/kg) - <20% INCLUSION - REDUCE FERTILITY, HATCHABILITY, DELAY SEXUAL MATURITY

  29. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI 7. SESAME MEAL - 40% CP, 8% CF, 6% FAT - 2000 Kkal - LOWER LYS, HIGH MET, CYS, TRYP - Ca 1,3% - OXALATE 35mg/100g, PHYTATE 5g/100g - INCLUSION 15% 8. SUNFLOWER MEAL - 36-40% CP, 13% CF, 8% FAT - LOWER LYS, 3.9% - 2100 Kkal - CHLOROGENIC ACID

  30. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI 9. PALM KERNEL MEAL - 19-21% CP, 15% CF, 8% FAT - 1900 Kkal - LOWER LYS 3.6%, HIGH SAA - Ca 0,3% - PHYSICALLY DRY AND GRITTY - INCLUSION LOW - REPLACEMENT OF 30% COCONUT/GROUNDNUT 10. CASTOR SEED MEAL - 35% CP, 20% CF, 6% FAT - LOWER LYS, 3% - ME NA - SUPPLY UP TO 40% CP IN DIET - ANTINUTRITIONAL - RICIN - RICININ - CASTORBEAN ALLERGEN

  31. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI B. GRAIN LEGUME GENERAL: - HUMAN CONSUMPTION - IN ASIA 20 KIND OF GRAIN CULTIVATED - OFF-GRADE: SMALL, DISCOLOURED, SHRUNKEN, DAMAGED - MODERATE PROTEIN SOURCE 20-25% - 2600-3000 Kkal - HIGH LYS, LOW MET, MARGINAL TRYP - HAVING HIGH COMPLMENTARY VALUE - ANTINUTRITIONAL FACTOR: - PROTEASE INHIBITOR - CYANOGENS - HAEMAGGLUTININS - GOITROGENS - TANNINS - SAPONIN - ALKALOID - MINERAL BINDING FACTOR - ANTI VITAMIN - TOXIC AA - LATHYROGEN Surisdiarto - BMT - Sumber protein

  32. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI C. GREEN MEAL GENERAL: - HIGH MODERATE CP CONTENT 21-30% - HIGH Ca, TRACE MINERAL, VITAMIN - BETA CAROTEN AND XANTHOPHYL - HIGH LYS - POORLY DIGESTED CP - LOW SAA - HIGH CF, PRESENCE TANNIN - LOWER ME - DUSTINESS - BULKY - INCLUSION 5%

  33. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI C. GREEN MEAL 1. CASSAVA LEAF MEAL: - 21-30% CP, 20% CF, 5% FAT - 1800 Kkal - HCN - INCLUSION < 10% 2. LEUCAENA LEAF MEAL: - 22% CP, 15% CF, 4% FAT - 900 Kkal - MIMOSINE  3-HYDROXY-4(1H)-PYRIDONE - MIMOSINE ALLEVIATION: FERRIC SULPHATE, POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL - INCLUSION < 5% - DEPRESSES GROWTH & EGG PRODUCTION

  34. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN NABATI C. GREEN MEAL 3. SWEET POTATO VINE MEAL: - 14-19% CP, 23% CF, 3.5% FAT - 1500 Kkal - NO ANTINUTRITIONAL - GOOD SOURCE OF VITAMIN & MINERAL - INCLUSION < 10% 4. AQUATIC PLANT MEAL: - 35-65% CP, 6-10% CF, 2-5% FAT, 25-50% ASH - 600-1700 Kkal - HIGH WATER CONTENT - INCLUSION < 5%

  35. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI GENERAL: - PLANT PROTEIN: - NUTRITIONALLY IMBALANCED - NOT MEET CERTAIN CRITICAL AA, VIT B12 - ANIMAL PROTEIN: - NUTRITIONALLY BALANCED - SOURCES OF THE FLAA AND SAA - FISH MEAL AND MEAT MEAL ARE MOST WIDELY USED - ALL ASIAN COUNTRIES: IMPORTERS - THAILAND, INDIA, PAKISTAN - 4 LARGEST FISH PROD COUNT: JAPAN, CHINA, INDIA, AND SOUTH KOREA

  36. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI 1. FISH MEAL - CP VARIES - LOCAL: 40%-50% CP - SOURCE OF Ca, P, TRACE - 2880 Kkal - UNIDENTIFIED GROWTH FACTOR - LEGAL SALT 3-7% (THOUGH 15% EXIST) - ADULTERATION - OVER HEATED: HISTIDINE-PROTEIN INTERACTIONGIZEROCIN - FISHY TAINT TO MEAT AND EGG Surisdiarto - BMT - Sumber protein

  37. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI • 2. MEAT MEAL and MEAT BONE MEAL • - EXCLUSIVE: HAIR, HOOF, HORN, HIDE TRIMMING, BLOOD, • STOMACH CONTENT • - MAINLY BONE AND ASSOCATE TISSUE: TENDON, LIGAMENT, • SKELETAL MUSCLE, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, LUNG, • CONDEMNED LIVER • - 20-60% BONE • - MEAT MEAL: >55%CP, <4.4%P • - MBM: <55% CP, >4.4% P • MAJOR PROTEIN IN BONE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, • CARTILAGE, AND TENDON IS COLLAGEN • - COLLAGEN CONTAIN NO TRYPTOPHAN • >50-65% PROTEIN IN MM IS COLLAGEN

  38. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI 3. BLOOD MEAL - 1000 kg LIVEWEIGHT  6 kg BLOOD MEAL - > 80% CP, RICH IN LYS, DEF IN ILEU, HIGH LEU - LOW PALABILITY, LOW AVAILABILITY OF LYS - INCLUSION 5% 4. HYDROLIZED FEATHER MEAL - ALMOST PURE PROTEIN OVER 95% CP - KERATIN  COMPLETELY INDIGESTIBLE (DISULPHITE BOND) - 85% CP, RICH IN CYS, DEF IN LYS - OVERALL AA AVAILABILITY 65% - WITH SUPLY OF MET & LYS COULD REPLACE 40% OF DIET’S CP

  39. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI 5. POULTRY BY PRODUCT MEAL - VISCERA, HEAD AND FEET, EMPTY INTESTINE - 60% CP, 16% ASH - CP QUALITY LOWER THAN FM, BUT COMPARABLE TO MM - RICH IN CHOLINE - INCLUSION 5% 6. MILK PRODUCT - GOOD SOURCE OF AA - REMEMBER POULTRY UNABLE TO UTILIZE LACTOSE - BACTERIAL ORIGEN LACTASE MAY EXIST IN INTESTINE - INCLUSION 3-5% - 16% IN BROILER NO ADVERSE EFFECTS Surisdiarto - BMT - Sumber protein

  40. BMT SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI 7. ANIMAL WASTES - 2 kg HEN  60-65 FRESH WASTE - 650 kg COW  12 TON WASTE - 80 kg PIG  1200 kg WASTE - SPECIES AFFECT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION - CP VARIES, ABANDON NPN (50-65%) - HIGH ASH CONTENT - LOW ME 8. NOVEL SOURCES - HIGH CP CONTENT (42-76%) - CHITINE ( N-ACETYL-GLOCOSAMINE) - CHECK FOR FIBER CONTENT - CHECK FOR FAT CONTENT - INCLUSION VARIES

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