1 / 12

Macrophage Cell

Macrophage Cell. Maria Provenzano. Monocytes to Macrophages.

tdelapena
Download Presentation

Macrophage Cell

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Macrophage Cell Maria Provenzano

  2. Monocytes to Macrophages During infection, circulating blood monocytes migrate from the vasculature to the extravascular compartments where they mature into tissue macrophages. The maturation process prepares the cell to actively participate in the inflammatory and the immune responses.

  3. Macrophage Cell • What is it? Largest of phagocyte cells, that have left the bone marrow and blood stream to settle in an area of tissues, where it fulfills several important immune functions. • How does it perform these functions? Macrophages perform phagocytosis to eliminate pathogens.

  4. How phagocytosis works Once stimulated, macrophages engulf the pathogen, bacteria in this case, by endocytosis, a phagosome forms with lysosomes to form a phagolysosome (secondary lysosome). This phagolysosome kills and digests the pathogen using specific enzymes, then debris is removed from the cell by exocytosis. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of a cell membrane.

  5. Review Steps of a macrophage ingesting a pathogen:a. Ingestion through phagocytosis, a phagosome is formedb. The fusion of lysosomes with the phagosome creates a phagolysosome; the pathogen is broken down by enzymesc. Waste material is expelled Parts:1. Pathogens2. Phagosome3. Lysosomes4. Waste material5. Cytoplasm6. Cell membrane

  6. Organelles Involved • The lysosomes and phagosomes are the most important organelles of the macrophages’ ability to digest pathogens. • The lysosomes contain many enzymes that have the ability to break down all the pathogens. • The phagosomes engulf the pathogen and then fuse to the primary lysosome forming a secondary lysosome, through hydrolysis. • This secondary lysosome is used to breakdown then release debris by fusing to the membrane.

  7. Analogy Macrophage cells are to pathogens as Superheroes are to Villians! In Cell City, when a bacteria monster invades, macrophage man is called in to get rid of the threat. He finds the monster and after a few minutes has the monster in custody. Macrophage man’s sidekicks, lysosome boy and phagosome girl interrogate the monster and break down the treat. They all eliminate the monster by flying him to monster jail. Then macrophage man, lysosome boy and phagosome girl move on to the next threat eliminating all that is harmful to Cell City.

  8. Diseases Due to their role in phagocytosis, macrophages are involved in many diseases of the immune system. Some diseases are: • Tuberculosis: Once engulfed by a macrophage, the causative agent avoids cellular defenses and uses the cell to replicate. • Leishmaniasis: Leishmania parasite finds itself in a phagocytic vacuole, which would develop into a lysosome and its contents would be digested. Leishmania alter this process and avoid being destroyed. Instead, they make a home inside the vacuole.

  9. Diseases • HIV infection: Macrophages can be infected with HIV, and even become a reservoir of ongoing virus replication throughout the body. Cancer: Macrophages contribute to tumor growth and progression.

  10. Obesity: Increased number of pro-inflammatory macrophages within obese adipose tissue contributes to obesity complications including insulin resistance and diabetes type 2.

  11. Multiple Choice Questions • True of False: Macrophage cells mature into monocytes. • What 2 organelle helps breakdown The pathogens? (choose 2) • Lysosomes • Phagocytosis • Cytoplasm • Phagosomes 3. The lysosome and phagosome form. • Primary lysosome • Primary phagosome • Secondary lysosome • Secondary phagosome • True or False: Macrophages are the only cell to perform phagocytosis. • True or False: Primary lysosomes orginate from the golgi apparatus. • What disease are macrophages involved with? • Tuberculosis • Brock’s disease • Tourette's disorder • Varicose veins • Acid reflux

  12. Citation "What Cells Are Macrophages?" What Cells Are Macrophages? N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. "Macrophage Function." Macrophage Function. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. "What Is a Macrophage?" What Is a Macrophage? N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. Hillis, David M., David Sadava, H. Craig Heller, and Mary V. Price. Principles of Life. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, 2012. Print. "Macrophage." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Nov. 2013. Web. 02 Dec. 2013.

More Related