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SSI and proxy data

SSI and proxy data. Mark.Weber@Uni-Bremen.de. IUP Bremen contribution to the SOLID project. EU SOLID Project Kick-Off Meeting , Davos, Switzerland, 12-14 Feb. 2013 . Content. o ur institute s olar research at IUP Bremen r ecent work on Mg II index o utlook on future work

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SSI and proxy data

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  1. SSI andproxydata Mark.Weber@Uni-Bremen.de IUP Bremen contributionto the SOLID project EU SOLID Project Kick-Off Meeting, Davos, Switzerland, 12-14 Feb. 2013

  2. Content • ourinstitute • solar researchat IUP Bremen • recentwork on Mg II index • outlook on futurework • SOLID SSI & proxydatabase

  3. University of Bremen/Institute of Environmental Physics • Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP) ispartofthePhysics/Electrical Engineering Department (FB1) of University of Bremen : • Physics and Chemistry of the Atmosphere (Prof. John Burrows) • UV Satellite Data and Science Group (UVSAT, Mark Weber) • Remote Sensing (Prof. Justus Notholt) • Physical Oceanography (Prof. Monika Rhein) • Terrestrial Physics (Dr. Helmut Fischer) • Total: 120 members Aim: Studying the Earth system using physical methods

  4. UVSAT research • Main researcharea: • satellite remote sensing (trace gas retrievals in particular ozone) • atmospheric chemistry and dynamics • ozone-climate interaction • solar physics • Satellite data: • GOME, SCIAMACHY, GOME-2 • atmospheric chemistry experiments that provide daily SSI in the UV to VIS (SCIA: NIR) spectral range

  5. 27 daysignature in SCIAMACHY stratosphericozone • different frequencyanalysesofozone • CWT, FFT, cross-correlation • max. cross-correlationduring SC is 0.38, weakerthan in prior solar cycles (see also Fioletov, 2009) • 27d signal in ozone • isvaryingandvanishesforselected 3-month periods(maxcorrelation r=0.7) • abouta factor 2 smallerthanobserved in otherstudiesandearlier solar cycles (e.g. Gruzdev et al., 2009) blue: ozone black: Mg II index Dikty et al. 2010b

  6. SCIAMACHY/GOME/GOME-2 SSI GOME/GOME-2 GOME: 1995-2011 SCIAMACHY: 2002-2012 GOME-2: 2007-present • Daily full solar discmeasurementsusingdiffuser • Radiometricallycalibratedbeforelaunch • Challenges: • instrumentandplatformanomalies • UV radiationdamage (depositsofcomtaminants on opticalsurfaces) SCIAMACHY • Pagaran et al., 2011a

  7. SCIA Proxy Model SCIAMACHY proxymodel • allowsreconstructionof solar cyclechange in SSI • assumethatmagneticsurfaceactivityareresponsibleforirradiancevariations (Fligge et al., 2000) • assumethat solar rotationchangesscaleupto solar cyclescale • Parameterizationof SCIAMACHY SSI changes in termsofscaled solar proxies, here Mg II index (faculaebrightening) andphotometricsunspotindex PSI (sunspotdarlening) • similarapproach: Lean et al., 1997, 2000 SCIAMACHY SSI at a referencedate Mg II index PSI index piecewisepolynomials (degradation, anomalycorrections) Scalingparametersderived fromseveral solar rotations Mg II index • Pagaran et al., 2009 PSI index

  8. SSI solar cyclechanges • Comparisonsof SSI changesduringdescendingphasesof SC 21-23 • SCIA proxymodel (Pagaran et al., 2009,2011b) • NRLSSI model (Lean 2000) • SATIRE model (Krivova et al. 2009) • Deland & Cebula UV composite • SIM/SORCE and SUSIM observations • SIM changesduring SC 23 fourtimes larger thanthemodelsanddoubledthechangesof SUSIM and UV compositeduring SC 22 • challengesthevalidityofmodelsassuming solar surfacemagneticactivityas a primarysourceof SSI changes • large impact on atmosphericheatingrates (Calahan et al. 2010, Haigh et al. 2010) andmesosphericozone (Merkel et al., 2011) 2004/01 minus 2007/01 (not a full solar cycle) • Pagaran et al., 2011b • Ermolliet al., 2012

  9. Mg II indexfrom SCIAMACHY/GOME/GOME-2 • Mg II core-to-wingrationear 280 nm • Correlateswellwith UV and EUV SSI changes (Deland andCebula 1993, Viereck et al., 2001) • insensitiveto instrumental degradation (tofirstorder) (Heath & Schlesinger 1986) • compositesavailablefrom multiple sensors • usedfor UV SSI reconstructionanddegradationcorrections

  10. Updated composite Mg II index • Unusuallylowactivity in SC 24 • Also seen in F10.7 cm flux www.iup.ui-bremen.de/gome >> Solar Activity

  11. Future plans on solar research (beyond SOLID) Project SCIASOL as part of the BMBF Priority ProgrammeROMIC (‘Role of the Middle Atmosphere in Climate’) • Degradation correctionto SCIAMACHY SSI • Recalibrated SSI datasetsfrom GOME/SCIAMACHY/GOME-2 (240-800nm)  Updated datasetsfor SOLID

  12. New degradationcorrectionfor SCIAMACHY White Light Source • Frommeasurementsusingvarious solar light and WLS paths in SCIAMACHYand an opticalthroughputmodellayerthicknessesofdecontaminantson mirror/diffuser surfacesarefitted • ASM mirror • ESM mirror • ESM diffuser • WLS internalmirror

  13. IUP contributionto SOLID • maincontributionto WP2 (irradiancedataexploitation) • Collecting/updating SSI andproxydata database (Task 2.1) • Mg II index • Ca II index • Recalibrated GOME/SCIAMACHY/GOME-2A/GOME-2B • Assessment of SSI & proxydata erroranalysis incl. long-term stability (Task 2.2) • Composite SSI data (mainly UV)  merging, gapfilling, anderroranalyis (Task 2.5) • Recommendations on 1) exisiting SSI dataand 2) future SSI missions (Task 2.6)

  14. Mg II andCa II emission • Ca II emissioncore not spectrallyresolved • DoesCa II provideadditionallyinformation (not alreadycontained in MgII)? • x

  15. SSI database (discussion) Structureofdatabase • datastorage • whichdatatostore • ‚reference‘ SSI data (‚singlespectra‘, e.g. Hall & Anderson, Kurucz, Nickel & Labs, Shuttle-Atlas‘, rocket data, Wehrlicomposite) • SSI timeseries (SBUVs, UARS, ENVISAT, SOHO,…) • proxytimeseries(F10.7, Lya, MgII, CaII, PSI, sunpsots,….) • New datasetsfrom/duringthisproject • primaryliteraturetothedata (pdf‘s) • Wavelengthrangeof SSI, e.g. > 115 nm, EUV: 10-100 nm • Split responsibility: EUV: ROB, UV/VIS/NIR: UBre • commonfileformat • web interfacetodata/visualisation? • digitalisationofdata? • Web page (howtopresentthedatabase/documentation/qualityassessmesnt) • Links tootherdatabases (e.g. LASP LISIRD) • Property rights? restrictedtotheconsortiuminitially • Updates (‚livingdatabase‘) • publicoutreach

  16. SSI timeseriesfromspace Request for SOLID partners: • Provide a list of SSI and/or proxy data he/she has access to by contacting chehade@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de • useful information: link to data or size of data file(s), data format, primary reference to data (PDF) • Will send out questionnaire for data and provide ftp server for data dumping Ermolli et al., 2012

  17. List of SSI missions (>115 nm) European missions

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