A Comparative Study of South Gujarat Urban and Rural Secondary Schools Students' Mental Health

1. International Journal of Trend in International Open Access Journal International Open Access Journal | www.ijtsrd.com International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) Research and Development (IJTSRD) www.ijtsrd.com ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 6470 | Volume - 3 | Issue – 1 | Nov – Dec 2018 Dec 2018 A Comparative Study Secondary Schools Students’ Mental Health Schools Students’ Mental Health Schools Students’ Mental Health A Comparative Study of South Gujarat Urban and Rural nd Rural Dr. Milan P. Patel Dr. Milan P. Patel1, Dr. Ankur D. Chaudhari2 Physical Instructor College of Veterinary Science and A.H., 2N.M. College of Agriculture, avsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India 1College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari N.M. College of Agriculture, ABSTRACT Mental health of the learner is very important for efficient learning and proper development of personality. For adolescents, school is the most important setting outside the family. Students perceptions of the school significantly associated with their wellbeing. Well developed adolescents who were empowered with appropriate life skills have better chances of becoming healthy, responsible, and productive adults. Students are also having many mental health problems, example, exam phobia, and problem with teacher, school- family. The purpose of the study was to compare the Mental Health status among South Gujarat Urban and Rural Secondary School Students. Subjects selected for the present study were secondary school students of sout Gujarat urban and rural area. A total of 2160 boys student were randomly selected below the age of 15 years. From the city schools 1077 boys and from rural schools 1083 boys were randomly selected. The Mental Health Scale prepared by Dr. D.J. Bhatt and Ms. Geeta R. Geeda was used as a tool for the present study. The scores arrived from 1077 Urban School students and 1083 Rural School students were compared by applying ‘t’ test. This study revealed significant difference in Mental Health Mean Scores betwe Urban and Rural area Secondary School Students of South Gujarat. This shows that the brought up of the student affects their mental health. The economic development may be one of the factor for the differences in mental health of urban and rural students. Schools have to play a vital role in improving mental health of students. A mentally healthy student can think positively and cherishes it in any situation. Also mentally healthy student can contribute in developing the society and nation. Keywords: Mental Health, Urban, Rural, Secondary, School, Students. INTRODUCTION: Mental health is being fit psychological, or an absence of mental illness. It is the psychological state of person who is at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental "subjective well-being, autonomy, competence, dependence, and self actualization and emotional potential, among others." The WHO further states that the well-being of an individual is encompassed in the realization of their abilities, coping with normal stresses of life, productive work and contribution to their community. Cultural differences, subjective assessments, and competing professional theories all affect how "mental health" is defined. Mental health is a normal state of well a positive way and a quality of life. It is a condition which is characterized of the average person who meets the demands of life on the basis of his own capacities and limitations. It is rooted in his ability to balance feelings, desires, ambitions, ideas and competence. Today, an individual is facing lots of problems in the human societies. So, it is a challenge for humans to be mentally healthy. Mental health Mental health has become very Mental health of the learner is very important for efficient learning and proper development of personality. For adolescents, school is the most important setting outside the family. Students perceptions of the school ed with their wellbeing. Well- developed adolescents who were empowered with appropriate life skills have better chances of becoming healthy, responsible, and productive adults. Students are also having many mental health problems, example, exam phobia, and adjustment Schools have to play a vital role in improving mental health of students. A mentally healthy student can think positively and cherishes it in any situation. Also mentally healthy student can contribute in developing environment environment are are , Urban, Rural, Secondary, psychological, or an absence of mental illness. It is the psychological state of a who is at a satisfactory level of emotional and adjustment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), mental The purpose of the study was to compare the Mental Health status among South Gujarat Urban and Rural Secondary School Students. Subjects selected for the present study were secondary school students of south Gujarat urban and rural area. A total of 2160 boys student were randomly selected below the age of 15 years. From the city schools 1077 boys and from rural schools 1083 boys were randomly selected. The Mental Health Scale prepared by Dr. D.J. Bhatt and s. Geeta R. Geeda was used as a tool for the present health health includes includes perceived perceived self self-efficacy, inter-generational autonomy, dependence, and self actualization of one's intellectual , among others." The WHO competence, inter being of an individual is encompassed in the realization of their abilities, normal stresses of life, productive work and contribution to their community. Cultural sessments, and competing professional theories all affect how "mental health" is defined. Mental health is a normal state of well-being, a quality of life. It is a condition which is characterized of the average person who nds of life on the basis of his own capacities and limitations. It is rooted in his ability to feelings, desires, ambitions, ideas and The scores arrived from 1077 Urban School students and 1083 Rural School students were compared by ‘t’ test. This study revealed significant difference in Mental Health Mean Scores between Urban and Rural area Secondary School Students of South Gujarat. This shows that the brought up of the student affects their mental health. The economic development may be one of the factor for the differences in mental health of urban and rural an individual is facing lots of problems in the human societies. So, it is a challenge for humans to be @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 3 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2018 Dec 2018 Page: 295

2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 importance issue of human life. Mental health of the learner is very important for efficient learning and proper development of personality. For adolesc school is the most important setting outside the family. Students perceptions environment are significantly associated with their wellbeing. Well-developed adolescents who were empowered with appropriate life skills have better chances of becoming healthy, responsible, and productive adults. Students are also having many mental health problems, example, exam phobia, and adjustment problem with teacher, school The world is becoming more and more competitive and quality of performance is the key factor for personal progress. Excellence academics and generally in all other areas important aspect. All parents desire that their child should be the top performer. This desire of a high level of achievement puts a lot of pressure on students, teachers, institutions and the educational system itself in general. In fact it appears as if the whole system of education revolves around academic achievement of the students, though various other outcomes are also expected from the system. WHAT RESEARCH SAYS? Desai Parulben Harish (2017) studied the mental health of adolescent students of higher secondary school. The study was based on the investi conducted to study the effect of gender, area of residency and type of family on mental health of adolescent students of higher secondary school of Valsad district in Gujarat state. The sample consisted of 240 higher secondary school students. The s was selected in terms of sex (male and female), area of residency (rural and urban) and type of family (joint family and nuclear family) in equal proportions, drawn randomly. Mental Health was measured by A K Singh and Alpana Sengupta Test of Mental Battery. In this research, ‘t’ test method was used for testing of null hypothesis. In the findings of this research, there was a significant difference in mental health between male and female students. Also, there was significant difference between in mental health of rural and urban students. In the last results, there are significant differences in mental health between joint family and nuclear family students. In the conclusions of these researches, male students have good mental health as compared to the female students, rural students have good mental health as compared to the urban students and the joint family students have good urban students and the joint family students have good Mental health of the mental health as compared to the urban nuclear family mental health as compared to the urban nuclear family students. Kharod Nikhil & Kumar Dinesh mental health status of school going adolescents as part of introducing life skills education. Cross sectional study was carried out among adolescent students (10-19 years) in rural schools of Anand district of Gujarat, using a pre self reported ‘Strengths & Difficulties’ Questionnaire (SDQ) in Gujarati language. 605 (62.6%) boys and 361 (37.4%) girls participated in the study. The mean age was 14.2 years (Standard deviation: 1.46). Majority of students 820 (84.9%) attended day schools (9am-5pm). 171 (17%) students attended tuitions also. Only about 37% had normal self reported SDQ scores. 30% had borderline and 33% had abnormal scores. Highest level of abnormal score was seen in peer problem score (45.9%) and least in pro-social behavior score (1.1%). The abnormal SDQ score were statistically more among girls, Muslim students, students in primary school, those with problematic families and those attending morning schools. The SDQ can be easily administrated in rural Indian setting by trained non professional personnel including teachers. The high prevalence of abnormal SDQ scores calls for integrating mental health issues and Life skill education in the existing school health programs. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of the study was to Health status among South Gujarat Urban Secondary School Students. HYPOTHESIS It was hypothesized that there will be no significant difference in Mental Health among Urban and Rural Secondary School Students METHODOLOGY SAMPLE: For the purpose of the study subjects selected for the present study were students ofsouth Gujarat urban and rural area of 2160 boys student were randomly selected below the age of 15 years. From the city schools 1077 boys and from rural schools 1083 boys were randomly selected. TOOL: The Mental Health S D.J. Bhatt and Ms. Geeta R. G for the present study. Th learner is very important for efficient learning and proper development of personality. For adolescents, school is the most important setting outside the family. Students perceptions environment are significantly associated with their developed adolescents who were empowered with appropriate life skills have better of becoming healthy, responsible, and Students are also having many mental health problems, example, exam phobia, and Kumar Dinesh (2015) studied the ental health status of school going adolescents as part of introducing life skills education. Cross sectional study was carried out among adolescent 19 years) in rural schools of Anand district of Gujarat, using a pre-tested and validated reported ‘Strengths & Difficulties’ Questionnaire (SDQ) in Gujarati language. 605 (62.6%) boys and 361 (37.4%) girls participated in the study. The mean age was 14.2 years (Standard deviation: 1.46). Majority of students 820 (84.9%) attended day 5pm). 171 (17%) students attended tuitions also. Only about 37% had normal self reported SDQ scores. 30% had borderline and 33% had abnormal scores. Highest level of abnormal score was seen in peer problem score (45.9%) and least in score (1.1%). The abnormal SDQ score were statistically more among girls, Muslim students, students in primary school, those with problematic families and those attending morning schools. The SDQ can be easily administrated in rural ned non professional personnel including teachers. The high prevalence of abnormal SDQ scores calls for integrating mental health issues and Life skill education in the existing school health of of the the school school school- family. The world is becoming more and more competitive and quality of performance is the key factor for Excellence academics and generally in all other areas is being the arents desire that their child particularly, particularly, in in . This desire of a high level of achievement puts a lot of pressure on students, teachers, institutions and the educational system itself in general. In fact it appears as if the whole system of education revolves around academic chievement of the students, though various other outcomes are also expected from the system. Desai Parulben Harish (2017) studied the mental health of adolescent students of higher secondary school. The study was based on the investigation conducted to study the effect of gender, area of residency and type of family on mental health of adolescent students of higher secondary school of Valsad district in Gujarat state. The sample consisted of 240 higher secondary school students. The sample was selected in terms of sex (male and female), area of residency (rural and urban) and type of family (joint family and nuclear family) in equal proportions, drawn randomly. Mental Health was measured by A K Singh and Alpana Sengupta Test of Mental Health Battery. In this research, ‘t’ test method was used for testing of null hypothesis. In the findings of this research, there was a significant difference in mental health between male and female students. Also, there PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of the study was to compare the Mental South Gujarat Urban and Rural It was hypothesized that there will be no significant difference in Mental Health among South Gujarat nd Rural Secondary School Students. purpose of the study subjects selected for the present study were secondary school south Gujarat urban and rural area. A total student were randomly selected below the age of 15 years. From the city schools 1077 boys and from rural schools 1083 boys were randomly n in mental health of rural and urban students. In the last results, there are significant differences in mental health between joint family and nuclear family students. In the conclusions of these researches, male students have good mental red to the female students, rural students have good mental health as compared to the Scale prepared by Dr. Geeda was used as a tool his scale contains 40 @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 3 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2018 Dec 2018 Page: 296

3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 statements pertaining to five domains, health, these five dimensions include reality, integration of personality, evaluation, group environmental mastery to be rated on 3- ANALYSIS The scores arrived from 1077 Urban School students and 1083 Rural School students were compared by applying ‘t’ test. The resultant value is shown table below: Table – 1 Significant Difference of Mental Health Among Secondary School Students Gujarat Urban and Rural Area Std. Dev. Urban 1077 25.25 5.26 Rural 1083 23.23 4.96 * Significant at .05 level It is evident from the table 1 that there was a significant difference between the mean scores on Mental Health of male students of secondary school from South Gujarat urban and rural area obtained ‘t’ value (9.181) is greater than the tabulated value of ‘t’ (1.645) which is required to be significant at .05 level. The graphical presentation is as below: aim of mental perception of positive self- should feel homely atmosphere in the school. At the colleting the data from both urban and rural interacted with the teachers It was noticed that the majority of the should feel homely atmosphere in the school. time of colleting the data from both urban and rural area the researcher had interacted with the teachers and students. It was noticed that the m rural student’s parents are illiterates, and they seemed to be first generation learners. The poor conditions of the family, health problems, understanding the subjects, lack of support from the siblings and parents leads to poor students. Whereas, the scenario at totally different, the students are not happy with daily academic activities and rigid time table followed the school. The teachers are more interested in imposing the syllabus load and insisting the students to score top marks and grades. Unhealthy type of academic competition is being created among the students. On the basis of the findings of the present study the following conclusion was drawn: This study revealed significant Health Mean Scores between Secondary School Students of South Gujarat shows that the brought up of the student affects their mental health. The economic development may one of the factor for the differences in mental health of urban and rural students. Schools have to play a vital role health of students. A mentally healthy student can think positively and cherishes it in any situation. mentally healthy student can contribut the society and nation. REFERENCES 1.Bernard, H. (1951). Towards Better Personality Adjustment. New York: MC Graw Hill Book Company. 2.Chaplin, J. (1970). Dictionary of Psychology. Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. 3.Chaudhary, N. (2001). The Effect of Gender Differences on Occupational Stress & Mental Health of B.Ed. Students Teachers. Psychological Researches 4.Desai, P. H. (2017). A Comparative Study of Mental Health among Rural & Urban Adolesc Students of Higher Secondary School. Summit on Positive Psychology, Psychotherapy & Cognitive Behavioral Science. conferenceseries.com. oriented attit attitudes -pointscale. and terates, and they seemed to be first generation learners. The poor conditions of the family, health problems, understanding the subjects, lack of support from the leads to poor mental health of the enario at urban school was students are not happy with daily academic activities and rigid time table followed at . The teachers are more interested in imposing the syllabus load and insisting the students s and grades. Unhealthy type of academic competition is being created among the problems problems in in 1077 Urban School students were compared by is shown in the f Mental Health Secondary School Students of South nd Rural Area Mean Difference Difference Mean ‘t’ Group N Mean Ratio 2.0189 2.0189 9.181* On the basis of the findings of the present study the following conclusion was drawn: ignificant difference in Mental between Urban and Rural area It is evident from the table 1 that there was a between the mean scores on Secondary School Students of South Gujarat. This that the brought up of the student affects their economic development may be one of the factor for the differences in mental health of secondary school from South Gujarat urban and rural area, since the ) is greater than the tabulated ) which is required to be significant The graphical presentation is as below: a vital role in improving mental A mentally healthy student can Mean Scores of Mental Health Mean Scores of Mental Health think positively and cherishes it in any situation. Also contribute in developing 25.2516 25.5 25 24.5 Towards Better Personality New York: MC Graw Hill Book 24 Mean 23.2327 23.5 23 22.5 Dictionary of Psychology. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. 22 Urban Rural Chaudhary, N. (2001). The Effect of Gender Differences on Occupational Stress & Mental Health of B.Ed. Students Teachers. Prospective in Graph 1: Graphical Representation of Mean Scores of Mental Health among Secondary Students of South Gujarat Urban and Graph 1: Graphical Representation of Mean econdary School rban and Rural area , 17-19. CONCLUSION Mental health of the student is very important; the students should feel secure and comfortable in the school. Type of the school has significant influence on the mental health of the student. on the mental health of the student. The student Desai, P. H. (2017). A Comparative Study of Mental Health among Rural & Urban Adolescent Students of Higher Secondary School. 17th World Summit on Positive Psychology, Psychotherapy & Cognitive Behavioral Science. Toronto, Canada: Mental health of the student is very important; the students should feel secure and comfortable in the Type of the school has significant influence @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 3 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2018 Dec 2018 Page: 297

4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470 5.Gupta, A. (1990). Impact of Techers Influence upon Positive Mental Health of the Pupils. Journal of Psychology , 61-70. 6.Kumar, D. K. (2015). Mental Health Status of School Going Adolescents in Rural Areas of Gujarat. Research Gate . 7.Srinivasulu, B. (2018). A Study on Mental Health Status of the Secondary School Students in SPSR Nellore District. International Research Journal of Multidisiplinary Studies of Multidisiplinary Studies , Vol. 4, No. 2. Gupta, A. (1990). Impact of Techers Influence upon Positive Mental Health of the Pupils. Indian Srinivasulu, B. (2018). A Study on Mental Health Status of the Secondary School Students in SPSR International Research Journal Kumar, D. K. (2015). Mental Health Status of School Going Adolescents in Rural Areas of @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 3 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2018 Dec 2018 Page: 298