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Can Phones Transform into Satellites? Unlocking New Frontiers in Space Technology

Explore the possibility of turning a cell phone into a satellite at the Android Open 2011 in San Francisco. Traditional satellite costs versus the potential of low-cost phone-based satellites, highlighting the drastic reduction in costs and the implications for new applications. Delve into the technology behind PhoneSat, including its system architecture, components like processors and cameras, and Android operating system. Dive into the space qualification testing, rocket launches, and future steps in satellite deployment. Discover the vision of space as a software domain and the potential applications of personal satellites. End with contact information for those interested in contributing to this groundbreaking project.

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Can Phones Transform into Satellites? Unlocking New Frontiers in Space Technology

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  1. CAN WE TURN A PHONE IN TO A SATELLITE? Android Open 2011 San Francisco,10th Oct. 2011

  2. Why Phone Based Satellite? Status quo: • Typical satellite costs: $500m • ‘Low Cost’ satellites: $10m But… • All key capabilities of a satellite are in a phone • A cell phone based satellite costs ~$5k in parts • Launch for a 1U = $50-70k • With a 100x reduction in cost, could there be a vast array of new potential applications? Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  3. Technology Satellite SmartPhone Computer system Processor / Memory / Power system Battery / Solar Arrays X Structure Strong frame / ADCS Accelerometers / Rate Gyros / Magnetometers / Sun sensor ? GPS / Reaction Wheels X MagnetorquersX Communications Radio / Payload Camera / Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  4. PhoneSat 1: System Architecture • Spacecraft 1.0 • Concept A • With UHF radio • & Hardware battery override • & Watchdog/Lazerus Phone (Nexus One) VHF/UHF Radio 144/440 MHz Watchdog/ Lazerus (Arduino) Legend RBF and Deploy. Switches (Custom PCB) Core Likely Core Monopole Antenna Extra Battery Bank (12 x 18650 3.7V cells, 2800 mAh) Power Data

  5. Phone software overview Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA • Android 2.1 Operating System • Help from several Googlers on their 20% time: • Image compression algorithm • Serial data port • Open Source Project (HW and SW)

  6. Space Qualification Testing Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  7. Vacuum and Thermal Testing 10-3 torr -30° up to +40° Celsius 1 Gyroscope 1 Nexus One mobile phone 1 Motorola mobile phone 7/#

  8. 8/#

  9. Rocket Launches Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  10. Launches “Rocket Mavericks” • Flight 1: 23 July, 2010 • 70 km Altitude Rocket (but did not reach altitude) • Our payload: Nexus One • Flight 2: 24 July, 2010 • 10 km Altitude Rocket • Our Payload: 2 Nexus One, 1 IMU, Arduino, external Bluetooth Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  11. Launch 1: high altitude; fail Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  12. Launch 2: success • Planned for: • 70 km (18 sec burn) • 12-15 G Actual: • 9 km • 10 G (>1000 G on impact) Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA Rocket Details: 10 m tall 500 kg

  13. Balloon Launches Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  14. Next Steps • Launch 3x PhoneSat 1.0 in December • Taurus II --> 280x280km orbit • Duration 3 weeks • Launch Cost: $250k • Launch 1x PhoneSat 2.0 in June 2012 • Falcon 9/Dragon --> 450x300km orbit • Duration: 3-6 months • Cost: free through ELaNaprogramme Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  15. First Flight Requirements Minimalist requirements for first mission: Send 1 image taken by the phone to ground Parts cost shall not exceed $10,000 Work for >1 orbit Send minimum health data from phone to ground Schedule <3 months from ATP to flight readiness Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  16. PhoneSat 1.0

  17. And, what if sats cost $10k? Heliophysics Missions to space test hardwareSwarmed satellitesRemote Sensing?Personal Satellites?… Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  18. Vision … Space as a software domain? Android Open 2011 San Francisco, USA

  19. Questions? SW REPOSITORY https://github.com/cboshuizen/AXCS QUESTIONS? William.marshall@nasa.gov Have ideas? Contact: william.s.marshall@nasa.gov, christopher.r.boshuizen@nasa.gov, rhickman@google.com

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