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Congress #2

Congress #2. Gerrymandering. Quick Review:. How many representatives does each state send to the S? To the HR? How many total Senators are there? Total representatives? How old do you have to be to be a Senator? To be a member of the HR?

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Congress #2

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  1. Congress #2 Gerrymandering

  2. Quick Review: • How many representatives does each state send to the S? To the HR? • How many total Senators are there? Total representatives? • How old do you have to be to be a Senator? To be a member of the HR? • How many years is one term as a Senator? As a member of the HR?

  3. HR • Single Member Districts: One person elected from each section

  4. Apportionment • The total number of seats in HR = 435 • US apportions (divides) the number of seats per state by population • Every state gets at least 1 rep • CA = 53 • Pg. 268

  5. REDO • Census: every 10 years, counts population • As population shifts states may add/lose seats: REapportion (re-do the apportionment)

  6. 2010 Census

  7. In the states… • Once the state is given the # of seats: • State legislatures divide the state into districts (one section that elects 1 person to HR) • called REdistricting • CA Congressional District #35, Maxine Waters

  8. Show California Maphttp://www.calvoter.org/voter/maps/statewide/congress.pdf http://www.govtrack.us/congress/findyourreps.xpd?state=CA&district=36

  9. Equal numbers of people in each district Contiguous (or connected) “Reasonable” Shape Rules of Creating Districts

  10. Rule Breakers • Malapportionment: districts have unequal #’s of ppl = unfair & illegal • Baker v. Carr (1962) & Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) • “one man, one vote”

  11. Gerrymandering • Gerrymandering: divide districts so that one party has an advantage (always wins or loses elections) • Fair if “reasonable” • http://www.redistrictinggame.com/

  12. The Original “Gerrymander”

  13. Who’s in the 110th Congress? HR S African Americans 42 (10%) 1 (1%) Latino/as 27 (5%) 3 (3%) Asians 4 (1%) 2 (2%) Native American 1 0 Arab American 0 1 Total: 74 7 Women 68 16

  14. Racial Gerrymandering • Racial Gerrymandering: dividing a region so that an ethnic minority group has the majority in that region and will then elect minorities to Congress • AKA majority – minority district • Like all gerrymandering, it can be legal or illegal depending on the reasonableness of its shape

  15. The unusual "earmuff" shape of the 4th Congressional District of Illinois connects two Hispanic neighborhoods while remaining contiguous by narrowly tracing Interstate 294. Racial Gerrymandering in Illinois

  16. California has voted to allow ordinary citizens to draw district lines, instead of elected politicians. Will this be better?

  17. HW • Due tomorrow: article for your project, 1 per person (NOT group) • Due FRI: 2 document analyses – • Remember a DA consists of a summary (just the facts) and your reaction (opinion) • Gerrymandering article / for your reaction include a response to the article’s headline – your vote doesn’t count – is this true? • Pork article • Staple 2 together & turn in on Friday

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