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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. 1) REPRODUCTION. MECHANISM USED TO SUSTAIN LIFE; CONTINUE A SPECIES THE RERPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO 3 PARTS: GONADS: TESTES, OVARIES DUCT SYSTEM: PASSAGEWAY THAT TRANSPORTS, RECEIVES AND STORES GAMETES/SEX CELLS

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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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  1. THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  2. 1) REPRODUCTION • MECHANISM USED TO SUSTAIN LIFE; CONTINUE A SPECIES • THE RERPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO 3 PARTS: • GONADS: TESTES, OVARIES • DUCT SYSTEM: PASSAGEWAY THAT TRANSPORTS, RECEIVES AND STORES GAMETES/SEX CELLS • ACCESSORY GLANDS: PRODUCE MATERIAL THAT SUPPORTS GAMETES

  3. 2) THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM • A) FUNCTION: PRODUCE/MAINTAIN MALE SEX CELLS/SPERM CELLS/SPERMATOZOA • B) PARTS: TESTES, EPIDIDYMIS, VAS DEFERENS, SEMINAL VESICLES, PROSTATE GLAND, BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS, SCROTUM, PENIS • C) HORMONES: ANDROGENS= MALE SEX HORMONES: TESTOSTERONE, FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH), INTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING HORMONE (ICSH)

  4. PARTS 3) TESTES: SPERM PRODUCED HERE 300 MILLION SPERM/DAY LIVE 48 HRS INSIDE FEMALE AND ARE FERTILE FOR 24 HRS INSIDE THE FEMALE REPROD TRACT

  5. ACCESSORY GLANDS • 4) EPIDIDYMIS: STORAGE FOR SPERM TO MATURE COILED, THREAD LIKE TUBE SPERM LEAVE TESTES, COME HERE STAY HERE 18 HRS TO 10 DAYS TO REACH MATURATION DIE IN 4 WEEKS PERISTALTIC WAVES MOVE TO VAS DEFERENS

  6. 5) VAS DEFERENS • TUBE, UNITES W/ SEMINAL VESICLES • VASCETOMY CLIPS THIS (CALLED TUBAL LIGATION IN FEMALE-CLIPS FALLOPIAN TUBES)

  7. 6) SEMINAL VESICLE EJACULATORY DUCT, PASSES THRU PROSTATE GLAND, EMPTIES INTO URETHRA PRODUCES ALKALINE (BASIC) FLUID (URINE IS ACIDIC); THIS IS HIGH IN FRUCTOSE-FOR ENERGY

  8. 7) PROSTATE GLAND • SURROUNDS BEGINNING OF URETHRA • PRODUCES CITRATE (GIVES SPERM ABILITY TO MOVE)

  9. 8) BULBOURETHRAL GLAND=COWPER’S GLAND 2 SMALL GLANDS, BELOW PROSTATE, ABOUT THE SIZE OF A PEA PRODUCE MUCUS TO HELP SPERM TRAVEL MUCUS NEUTRALIZES ACIDITY OF URINE

  10. 9) SEMEN: SPERM + FRUCTOSE + CITRATE + MUCUS • FROM: • SPERM-TESTES • FRUCTOSE-SEMINAL VESICLES • CITRATE-PROSTATE • MUCUS-BULBOURETHERAL GLANDS

  11. EXTERNAL 10) SCROTUM SURROUNDS/PROTECTS TESTES DIVIDED INTO 2 SACS SEPARATED BY A SEPTUM EACH SAC CONTAINS A TESTES AND EPIDIDYMIS

  12. 11) PENIS • CONVEYS URINE AND SEMINAL FLUID TO EXTERIOR • 12) HORMONES: • TESTOSTERONE: SECONDARY SEX CHARS- INCREASED BODY HAIR GROWTH ENLARGEMENT OF LARYNX AND THICKENING OF VOCAL CORDS THICKENING OF SKIN INCREASED MUSCULAR GROWTH, BROADER SHOULDERS THICKENING/STRENGTHENING OF BONES B) FSH AND ICSH: TELL TESTES TO PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE

  13. 13) SPERM: MALE: FAST MOVING, SWIM BETTER IN BASIC SOLNS NEG. AFFECTED BY ACIDIC SECRETIONS SHORT LIVED FEMALE: SLOW MOVING, DEAL W/ ACIDIC SOLNS BETTER LONGER LIVED

  14. 14) THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM • A) MAIN ORGAN: OVARIES, PRODUCE EGGS/OVA • B) OOGENESIS- FORMATION OF EGGS • C) OVULATION: RELEASE OF EGG FROM OVARY • D) PARTS: FALLOPIAN TUBES, UTERUS, VAGINA, LABIA, CLITORIS, MAMMARY GLANDS • E) HORMONES: ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE

  15. INTERNAL • 15) UTERINE TUBES=FALLOPIAN TUBES=OVIDUCTS CARRY EGGS TO UTERUS ABT 4 INCHES LONG 3 PARTS: ISTHMUS, AMPULIA, INFUNDIBULUM RIPENED EGG IN FALLOPIAN TUBES FOR SEVERAL DAYS…WHEN EGG IS IN TUBES, FEMALE IS MOST FERTILE, JUST BEFORE MENSTRUATION ECTOPIC/TUBAL PREGNANCY IN AMPULIA

  16. 16) UTERUS= WOMB • GETS EMBRYO • HOLLOW, MUSCULAR ORGAN, PEAR SHAPED • CHANGES SIZE DURING PREGNANCY • 2 PARTS: BODY/FUNDUS (UPPER 2/3) CERVIX (LOWER 1/3) CERVIX: CLOSED EXCEPT DURING CHILDBIRTH, DILATES DURING CHILDBIRTH, PAP SMEAR TESTS CERVIX. CERVICAL EFFACEMENT=CERVICAL THINNING UTERINE LININGS: ENDOMETRIUM, MYOMETRIUM(CONTRACTIONS), EPIMETRIUM

  17. 17) VAGINA: BIRTH CANAL MUSCULAR TUBE

  18. EXTERNAL • 18) MAMMARY GLANDS-SECRETE MILK • 19) LABIA: FOLDS OF TISSUE, PROTECT VAGINA • 20) CLITORIS: LABIA JOIN AT THE VULVA, COVER/PROTECT CLITORIS • 21) HORMONES: • ESTROGEN: PRODUCED IN OVARY, STIMULATES MUSCLE GROWTH, STIMULATES BONE GROWTH, CAUSES ADIPOSE DEPOSITS IN BUTTOCKS, THIGHS, BREAST; HAIR GROWTH, FALLOPIAN TUBES TO INCREASE ACTIVITY, ASSISTS IN FETUS GROWTH • PROGESTERONE: INCREASES BREAST SIZE, INCREASES SIZE OF ENDOMETRIUM, INHIBITS UTERINE CONTRACTIONS, SUPPRESSES FSH • FSH AND LH: MATURATION OF OVUM, OVULATION • LTH (LUTEOTROPHIC HORMONE):PROLACTION

  19. 22) MENSTRURAL CYCLE USUALLY: 28 DAY CYCLE DAYS 1-5: MENSES DAYS 6-14: PROLIFERATIVE STAGE (OVULATION) DAYS 15-28: SECRETORY STAGE: ENDOMETRIUM GROWS

  20. REVIEW TERMS FERTILIZATION ZYGOTE EMBRYO FETUS AMNIOTIC SAAC AMNIOCENTESIS PLACENTA UMBILICAL CORD CLEAVAGE-GASTRULATION-BLASTULA

  21. ECTODERM (SKIN, HAIR, SWEAT GLANDS, NAILS, NERVOUS) • ENDODERM (DIGESTIVE) • MESODERM (SKELETAL, GONADS) • NEURALATION (NEURAL TUBE) • ORGANOGENESIS

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