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Part 2: The Physical Layer

Part 2: The Physical Layer. Summary. Transmission medium * Switching The Nyquist limit The Shannon limit. (1) Transmission Medium. Guided Transmission Medium Magnetic Media Twisted Pair Coaxial Cable Fiber Optics Unguided Transmission Medium (wireless transmission) Radio Infrared

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Part 2: The Physical Layer

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  1. Part 2: The Physical Layer

  2. Summary • Transmission medium • * Switching • The Nyquist limit • The Shannon limit

  3. (1) Transmission Medium • Guided Transmission Medium • Magnetic Media • Twisted Pair • Coaxial Cable • Fiber Optics • Unguided Transmission Medium (wireless transmission) • Radio • Infrared • Ultrasound • …

  4. (2.1) Circuit Switching • (a) Circuit switching. • (b) Packet switching.

  5. (2.2) Message Switching • (a) Circuit switching (b) Message switching (c) Packet switching

  6. (2.3) A Comparison • A comparison of circuit switched and packet-switched networks.

  7. (3) The Nyquist Limit For a noiseless channel, the maximum data rate is: 2H log2 V bits/sec ,where H is the channel bandwidth (in Hz) and V is the number of discrete levels of the signal.

  8. (4) The Shannon Limit The maximum data rate of a noisy channel whose bandwidth is H Hz, and whose signal-to-noise ratio is S/N, is given by H log2 (1+S/N).

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