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IAFS 1000 Human Rights: The Pinochet Prosecutions

IAFS 1000 Human Rights: The Pinochet Prosecutions. Outline. What are human rights (HR)? What are HR violations? Case study: Pinochet regime (Chile). What are Human Rights (HR)?. Civil and political human rights Economic and social human rights. UN Role in Protecting Human Rights.

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IAFS 1000 Human Rights: The Pinochet Prosecutions

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  1. IAFS 1000 Human Rights: The Pinochet Prosecutions

  2. Outline • What are human rights (HR)? • What are HR violations? • Case study: Pinochet regime (Chile)

  3. What are Human Rights (HR)? • Civil and political human rights • Economic and social human rights

  4. UN Role inProtecting Human Rights • 1945: UN Charter • 1948: Universal Declaration of HR • 1948: Convention on Genocide • 1952: Conv. on Rights of Women • 1959: Conv. on Rights of the Child • 1960: Convention on Independence to Colonial Countries • 1964: Conv. on Racial Discrimination

  5. UN Role (cont) • 1966: Core treaties: on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and on Civil and Political Rights • 1967: Convention on Discrimination of Women • 1975: Convention on Torture and Punishment • 1981: Convention on Religious Intolerance and Discrimination

  6. Universal Declaration of HR (1948) • Article 5. No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. • Article 9. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. • Article 19. Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

  7. Universal Declaration of HR (cont) • Article 20. (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association. • Article 25. (1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

  8. HR Violations: The Case of Chile http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/americas/south_america_pol98.jpg

  9. The Case of Chile • 1970 election of Marxist President Allende • Sept 11, 1973 coup led by General Augusto Pinochet • US support

  10. Coup in Chile: September 11, 1973 President Allende (elected 1970) General Pinochet http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1022347.stm

  11. Troops surround the Presidential Palace During 1973 Coup http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1022347.stm

  12. Guidance Cable to CIA’s Santiago Station Chief, October 16, 1970 All declassified documents from National Security Archive <www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/>

  13. Options Paper for Nov 5, 1970 NSC Meeting on Chile: Fears of a South American Domino Effect

  14. The Case of Chile • Persecution of pol opponents • 1978 amnesty

  15. Dancing “La Cueca,” Traditional Courtship Dance, Alone (March 8, 1978) http://www.derechoschile.com/derechos/dictadura_victimas_eng.html

  16. Families of the “disappeared” (December 1988) http://www.pbs.org/weta/forcemorepowerful/chile/

  17. The Case of Chile • 1989: Pinochet voted out of power • 1990 Truth and Reconciliation Commission: concluded that 3,197 people had disappeared, been extrajudicially executed, or died under torture between 1973 and 1990

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