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Classical China

Classical China. Chapter 2. Patterns in Classical China. 3 dynasties: Zhou, Qin, Han Dynasty-family of kings from the same family China- Dynastic rule up until the communist revolution of the 20 th century. Zhou Dynasty. Rule through an alliance system, agricultural kingdoms

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Classical China

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  1. Classical China Chapter 2

  2. Patterns in Classical China • 3 dynasties: Zhou, Qin, Han • Dynasty-family of kings from the same family • China- Dynastic rule up until the communist revolution of the 20th century

  3. Zhou Dynasty • Rule through an alliance system, agricultural kingdoms • “Middle Kingdom” • “Mandate of Heaven” • Linguistic unity-Mandarin • Confucius

  4. Qin Dynasty • Qin Shi Huangdi • Taking power from regional nobles • Centralization • Bureaucrats • Great Wall • Innovation • Standardized weights, coinage, measures, and writing • Census • New irrigation projects • Silk production

  5. Qin Con’t • Revolts after death • Eventually Han est. 202

  6. Han Dynasty • Cyclical-view that history repeats itself • Chinese pattern supports this idea • 202 BCE One peasant leader defeats the others, and establishes the Han, lasts over 400 years • Expansion of territory into Korea, Indochina (Southeast Asia), and central Asia • Paves way for direct contact with India, the Middle East, and Mediterranean Worlds.

  7. Han Continued • Politically- expansion, remained centralized, improved bureaucracy, huge empire and population • Confucian ideals • Economically-flourished-trade with Western civilizations • Collapse after over 400 years due to pressures from Nomadic Peoples (the Huns), choas follows for over 300 hundred years

  8. Wu Ti

  9. Nomadic Peoples • Nomadic peoples will have a large impact on history. All classical civilizations will experience problems with their invasions, and will be a part of these civilizations collapses. • This will be a threat until 15th-16th century (The Mongols)

  10. Atilla The Hun

  11. Confucius, Kung Fuzi • Spokesmen for Chinese culture • Did not consider himself a religious leader • 551-478 BCE (approx) • Ethics, virtue, proper hierarchy • Moderation • Ability, not birth rite • The Analects, eventually become The Classics

  12. Political Institutions • Centralized authority-power of emperor • Local gov’t do not disappear, but lessen in importance • Unified law and tax code • Strong Bureaucracy • Confucian Classics • Examination system • Keep emperors in check

  13. Religion and Culture • Confucian beliefs/ethics • Civic virtue • Male dominated hierarchies (even at home) • Chinese tradition • Virtue, respect, obedience • “Legalism” • No Spiritual side

  14. Religion and Culture • Doaism Lao-tsu • First appeals to upper class • Embraces traditional Chinese beliefs in nature, harmony and balance • Value living a humble, frugal life, and learning and politics not important • Buddhism later uses this to build • Confucian don’t agree, but see little reason to challenge it

  15. Economy and Society • Agricultural based • Patriarchal system • Role of Women • Intellectual developments (class discussion) • Social Classes-3 • Mandarins • General and skilled labor (urban artisans • Mean People

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