1 / 14

Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

Cellular Respiration & Fermentation. 4.4, 4.5, & 4.6. 4.4 – Overview of Cellular Respiration. Key Concept: The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. 4.5 – Cellular Respiration in Detail. Key Concept:

temira
Download Presentation

Cellular Respiration & Fermentation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cellular Respiration & Fermentation 4.4, 4.5, & 4.6

  2. 4.4 – Overview of Cellular Respiration • Key Concept: • The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen. 4.5 – Cellular Respiration in Detail • Key Concept: • Cellular respiration is an aerobic process with two main stages.

  3. Purpose of Cellular Respiration • To make ATP from the energy stored in glucose • Glucose comes from an organism doing photosynthesis themselves or from eating foods containing glucose • Remember: the purpose of photosynthesis was just to get glucose

  4. Cellular Respiration has 2 parts • Anaerobic (does not require oxygen) • Glycolysis • Aerobic (requires oxygen) • Kreb’s Cycle (Citric acid Cycle) • Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

  5. Glycolysis • Takes place in cytoplasm (eukaryotes and prokaryotes do this step since all cells have cytoplasm) • Splits one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules • Costs the cell 2 ATP molecules to do this • 4 ATP molecules are produced (only gain 2 ATP) • 2 NADH molecules are formed

  6. Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) • Takes place in matrix of mitochondria (only in eukaryotes) • 2 pyruvate (made during glycolysis) enter the mitochondrion • Each pyruvate is broken down to create 1 ATP, 3 CO2, NADH, & FADH2 • Total products of Kreb’s cycle (because of 2 pyruvates): • 2 ATP • 6 CO2 • NADH • FADH2 Will carry energy to the next step

  7. Electron Transport Chain (ETC) • Takes place in inner membrane of mitochondria (cristae) • Folded to create more surface area for reactions to produce more ATP in a small space • NADH & FADH2 (from Kreb’s) donate their energy (electrons) to the electron transport chain • Oxygen is the final electron acceptor and it picks up hydrogen ions • Oxygen and hydrogen ions combine to form water (released as a waste product) • 32 ATP are made

  8. ATP from Cellular Respiration • 4 from Glycolysis (uses up 2, so really only gain 2 ATP) • 2 ATP from Kreb’s cycle • 32 ATP from ETC • GAIN 36 ATP from one glucose molecule

  9. Equation for Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP  Like the reverse of photosynthesis

  10. What happens when there’s no/not enough oxygen or there are no mitochondria? • Answer: Fermentation • Two Kinds: • Lactic Acid Fermentation • Alcoholic Fermentation

  11. Allows glycolysis to continue making ATP without oxygen

  12. Lactic Acid Fermentation • Anaerobic • Occurs in muscle cells • Produces burning feeling in muscles • Occurs when body is worked to the point that more oxygen is being used than what is being taken in • This is why you breathe harder when you’re exercising is to get more oxygen to keep making ATP • Produces Lactic Acid and 2 (net) ATP

  13. Alcoholic Fermentation • Anaerobic • Occurs in some bacteria and yeast • Produces CO2, ethyl alcohol, and 2 (net) ATP • Used in food production (bake bread and make wine)

More Related