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COPÁN World Heritage

COPÁN World Heritage. History. Copán is a Maya site in Honduras It is believed to have roots in Teotihuacán Occupied first by farmers before 1600 BC Royal Dynasty lasted from 400 AD to 822 AD 16 rulers during the dynastic period The founder of the dynasty was Yax K’uk Mo’

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COPÁN World Heritage

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  1. COPÁNWorld Heritage

  2. History • Copán is a Maya site in Honduras • It is believed to have roots in Teotihuacán • Occupied first by farmers before 1600 BC • Royal Dynasty lasted from 400 AD to 822 AD • 16 rulers during the dynastic period • The founder of the dynasty was Yax K’uk Mo’ • Most of the temples and plazas were built during the dynastic period • Copan has the longest known Mayan inscription • It boasts one of the largest ball courts

  3. Archaeology • Copán has a long tradition of archaeological work that contributed much to the knowledge about Copán • At Copán archaeologists use many kinds of evidence including: • Architectural Stratigraphy • Epigraphy • Obsidian Hydration and C-14 Dating • Palynology • Seriation (mainly ceramics) • Burial Analysis and Paleodemography

  4. The Maya • The Maya civilization is a Mesoamerican civilization that is still in existence today • They made advancements in • Mathematics • Astronomy and calendar systems • Architecture • Inscription and Hieroglyphics

  5. The Maya Today • There are still six million Maya today • Many still speak the Yucatec Maya languages • They hold on to traditional beliefs about ancestral and supernatural spirits • Many are Catholic, but fuse their Mayan beliefs with those of Catholicism • Most Maya are still maize farmers

  6. Copan Today: World Heritage • Copán became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980 • It was nominated for its remarkable preservation, architecture, inscriptions, and archaeological significance. • Ever since its inscription to the World Heritage List, tourism has grown rapidly • UNESCO and the Honduran Government are trying to manage tourism so that the increase in tourists does not have negative effects on the local population, and the authenticity of the site.

  7. Managing Copán • The Copán sculpture museum keeps some monuments safe indoors. • It has a life-sized reconstruction of the temple called Rosalila; the real one is buried beneath other temples

  8. Tourism and Stakeholders • Archaeologists and Preservationists • need funds for research • want to prevent vandalism and looting • Modern Maya • don’t want to be ignored or misrepresented • UNESCO • wants to keep the site well managed and authentic • Tour Operators • want to make money • want to please the tourists • Locals • don’t want to be left out • need to earn a living

  9. The Honduran Government • Honduran Tourism Institute (HTI) creates policies • Ensures that archaeological research continues so tourism can grow and in turn provide funds for archaeological work • SAVE supports archaeology and tourism in lesser known Honduran sites • HTI takes the side of the local population by • Charging more for foreign tourists • Encouraging tour operators to hire local guides • Implementing programs that let locals provide goods and services to tourists • Building tourist living facilities closer to Copán so tourist become more aware of the locals • Implementing Geotourism, which focuses on local tradition, biodiversity, history, and archaeology.

  10. The Environment • The Rio Copán has supported farmers throughout Copán’s history • But, it has eroded much of the site and was diverted in the 1930’s • Increasing farmland lead to deforestation - The Government now prohibits the development of farmland around Copán - They are also reforesting and reintroducing species to the land to enlarge the habitat for endangered species - Geotourism and Ecotourism focus on giving tourists an appreciation for the biodiversity of Copán

  11. What to pay attention to when watching the video: • Archaeology and History • Local’s point of view • Misrepresentation of the Maya • Preservation

  12. Bibliography • “Advisory Body Evaluation.”unesco.org. 27 October, 1979. International Council On • Monuments and Sites. 14 April 2007 • < http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/129.pdf>. • “Airport Development News.” Airports Council International. ACI World and Momberger • Airport Information. 14 April 2007 <http://www.aci-pacific.aero/aci/aci/file/ADN%20- %20Momberger/ACI-ADN%20April07.pdf>. • Andrews, E., Fash, W. (2005). Copán. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press. • “Archaeologists Aid Cultural Preservation in Honduras.” honduras.usembassy.gov. Embassy of • the United States of America, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. 14 April 2007 <http://honduras.usembassy.gov/Copan_July_2006.pdf?p=washfile-english&y=2006&m=August&x=20060810173046SAikceinawz0.1426355>. • Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. “Cloth, Gender, Continuity, and Change: Fabricating Unity in • Anthropology.” American Anthropologist December 2006, Vol. 108, No. 4, pp. 862-877. • Conkey, Meg. “The Archaeology of Gender Today: New Vistas, New Challenges.”

  13. Copan Maya Foundation. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.hallstromdesign.com/clients/copan/index.html>. • “Copan’s Ecology.” Copan Park.com. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.copanpark.com/ecology.htm>. • “Copan Park’s Management.” Copan Park.com. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.copanpark.com/parkmag.htm>. • Doehne, Eric. “ESEM Applications: From Cultural Heritage Conservation to Nano-Behavior.” • Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute, 2006. • Fash, Barbara W, and William L. Fash. “Saving the Maya Past for the Future.” 1996. Peabody • Museum. 14 April 2007 <http://www.peabody.harvard.edu/profiles/fash.html>. • Hewitt, Erika. “What's in a name: Gender, Power and Classic Maya women rulers.” Ancient • Mesoamerica Vol. 10, no. 2 (1999), p. 251-62. • “Honduran Institute of Tourism.” Let’s Go Honduras. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.letsgohonduras.com/quienes_eng.html>. • http://www.theculturedtraveler.com/Heritage/Archives/Copán.htm • Key, Carol. A Feminist Critique of Recent Archaeological Theories and Explanations of the • Rise of State-Level Societies. Dialectical Anthropology. Volume 25, Number 2 / June, 2000

  14. Lara-Pinto, Gloira. “Cultural Heritage at the Crossroads of Modernity.” ICOMOS. 2002. • International Council on Monuments and Sites. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.international.icomos.org/risk/2002/honduras2002.htm>. • Lentz, David L. “Maya Diets of the Rich and Poor: Paleoethnobotanical Evidence from Copan.” • JSTOR. <http://www.jstor.org/view/10456635/ap030007/03a00050/0>. • “New Geotourism Strategy for Honduras, a Country that Has it All.” Save Honduras. Honduras • SAVE program. 14 April 2007 <http://www.fundacionsave.com/antecedentes_eng.html>. • Pedersen, Arthur. “Managing Tourism at World Heritage Sites.” Paris: UNESCO World • Heritage Center, 2002. • Sharer, Robert. “Archaeology at Copan, Honduras.” Penn Museum. University of Pennsylvania • Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/Americas/copan.shtml>. • “Strengthening Micro and Small Tourism Enterprises in Copan, Honduras.” • CHF.org. 13 July 2006. CHF International. 14 April 2007 <http://www.chfhq.org/content/general/detail/3588>. • Tourtellot, Jonathan B. “Geotourism for Your Community.” National Geographic. 2006:1-23 • Webster, David. “The Archaeology of Copan, Honduras.” Journal of archaeological research • Vol. 7, no. 1 (1999), p. 1-53.

  15. Webster, D. (2000). Copán: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Maya Kingdom. Forth Worth: • Harcourt College Publishers. • Webster, David. “The Study of Classica Maya Architecture.” JSTOR. 14 April 2007 • <http://www.jstor.org/view/00238791/di000676/0>. • Webster, David, and Jennifer Kirker. “Too Many Maya, Too Few Buildings: Investigating • Construction Potential at Copan, Honduras.” JSTOR. 14 April 2007 <http://www.jstor.org/view/00917710/ap060092/06a00070/0>. • World Heritage Newsletter. No. 14. June 1997. The World Heritage Center, UNESCO. • Rosenzweig, Howard. “Copan Update”. Honduras This Week Online. 29 January 2007. Marrder Omnimedia. 29 April 2007. <http://www.marrder.com/htw/2007jan/4Week/travel.html> • 29COM 7B.90 – Maya Site of Copan (Honduras). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 29 April 2007. <http://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/&id_decision=447>. • Gripich, Jamie. “Copan- A Colorful Cultural Destination.” TravelVideo.TV. 16 Feb, 2007. BC Pictures. 29 April 2007. <http://travelvideo.tv/news/more.php?id=10798_0_1_0_M112>. • “Environmental officials try to halt airport near Copan”. NotiEmail. 12 February 2006. NotiEmail. 29 April 2007. <http://news.notiemail.com/noticia.asp?nt=9206467&cty=200>. • Lentz, David L. “Maya Diets of the Rich and Poor: Paleoethnobotanical Evidence from Copan.” LatinAmerican Antiquity, Vol. 2, No. 3. (Sep., 1991), pp. 269-287. JSTOR. 17 April 2007. <http://www.jstor.org/view/10456635/ap030007/03a00050/0>. • Webster, David; Freter, AnnCorinne; Rue, David. “The Obsidian Hydration Dating Project at Copan: A Regional Approach and Why It Works.” Latin American Antiquity, Vol. 4, No. 4. (Dec., 1993), pp. 303-324. JSTOR. 17 April 2007. <http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1045 6635%28199312%294%3A4%3C303%3ATOHDPA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-T>.

  16. Sources for Power Point Pictures • http://www.maya-archaeology.org/museums/copan/images/CopanBat.jpg • http://z.about.com/d/gocentralamerica/1/7/f/2/-/-/CopanPlaza2.jpg • http://pages.prodigy.net/gbonline/dresden.jpg • http://www.peabody.harvard.edu/profiles/Photo5.gif • http://www.rutahsa.com/ROSALILA.JPG • http://www.copanpark.com/images/pictures/copanriver/copanriver.jpg

  17. Sources for Pictures in Video • Doris Maldonado

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