1 / 19

Economic and Cultural Revival

Economic and Cultural Revival. The Crusades were a stepping stone in the cultural and technological advancement of Western civilization. Agriculture. New ___________________ More soil open for cultivating ________________ replaces ox yoke Horses can now plow (faster)

temira
Download Presentation

Economic and Cultural Revival

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Economic and Cultural Revival The Crusades were a stepping stone in the cultural and technological advancement of Western civilization.

  2. Agriculture • New ___________________ • More soil open for cultivating • ________________ replaces ox yoke • Horses can now plow (faster) • _______________________crop rotation • improved production

  3. Manorial system • Feudalism • ___________________________between nobles • Manorialism • __________________________between lords and peasants

  4. Lords, Peasants, and Serfs Serfdom Free People • Manors owned by wealthy lords, knights • Peasants farmed manor fields • Were given protection, plots of land to cultivate for selves • Most peasants on farm were serfs, tied to manor • Not slaves, could not be sold away from manor • But could not leave, marry without lord’s permission • Manors had some free people who rented land from lord • Others included landowning peasants, skilled workers like blacksmiths, millers • Also had a priest for spiritual needs The Manorial System The feudal system was a political and social system. A related system governed medieval economics. This system was called the manorial system because it was built around large estates called manors.

  5. Rotation Small Village • One field planted in spring for fall harvest • Another field planted in winter for spring harvest • Third field remained unplanted for year • Each manor included fortified house for noble family, village for peasants, serfs • Goal to make manor self-sufficient • Typical manor also included church, mill, blacksmith A Typical Manor • Most of manor’s land occupied by fields for crops, pastures for animals • Middle Ages farmers learned that leaving field empty for year improved soil • In time, practice developed into three-field crop rotation system

  6. The Medieval Manor

  7. Peasant Household: Cycle of Labour • Houses a single room: few windows and no chimney…little privacy • August September- _______________ • October – _____________________________ • November – ________________________ • Feb. March – ________________________ • Summer – __________________________

  8. Feast Days Food and Drink • Christmas, Easter and Pentecost • Saint’s days • Over 50 days of the year. • _____________(dark and heavy) and ___________(3 gallons)

  9. Trade • Rebirth of towns led to expansion of trade, towns flourish. • _____________, _____________and ______________important Mediterranean trading towns • Silks and spices • __________________ • textiles • Center of trade in on north coast

  10. Banking • Money economy arose out of __________________________________________________________________ • Led to growth of banking • Feudal lords become dependent on money, serfs become able to ____________________ • Decline in feudalism

  11. Growth of towns • Towns grow up along __________________________ • _____________________________protected against marauding bandits (burg –German walled city) • Narrow winding streets, no sanitation, dirty, noisy, thatched roofs fire prone, disease prone. (Black Death)

  12. Guilds • _________________ guilds • Maintain local monopoly for members • Foreign traders restricted • Pricing uniform • _________________ guilds • Regulated work of artisans • Price controls, advertising controls, standards of quality

  13. Craft guilds • ______________________ • Worked for a master without pay to learn craft • ____________________ • Works for pay under a master • Upon approval of masterpiece, could become a master • __________________________ • Owned own shop and tools

  14. Rise of middle class • Town (burg) leads to _______________________ • Bourgeoisie • Burgher • burgesses • towns people derived wealth not from the land; __________________________________________________________________ • Kings depend on middle class for loans and tax income

  15. Town government / feudal lords • Urban dwellers lived outside the feudal system and resented paying taxes and services to lords • Wanted their own government and laws • Feudal lords respond with __________________________________________________________________________

  16. Town government • Money economy gave towns income and independence from lords • Italy • ___________________ led to independent city states • Europe • __________________granted by kings and nobles gave towns self government

More Related