Changes of the Early 1800’s

1. Changes of the Early 1800’s Miss Springborn Team 6

2. At this time in American History our country was changing rapidly in all areas. We were undergoing continuous… • Political changes in our government with the election of new presidents with new ideas on how to do things and we saw many new political parties emerge with different opinions • Economic changes with new inventions and new ways of manufacturing things will bring about big changes in the average Americans everyday life • And many Social changes taking place with new movements to make right the many things found to be unfair or unjust in our society and help groups that were not being treated right

3. This unit will cover events going on between 1800-1860. There are a lot of events taking place so we will look at them based on the categories above. Political Changes and Manifest Destiny in the Early 1800’s

4. James Madison: President from 1809-1817 • Madison was nicknamed the Father of the Constitution • During his presidency the British and French kept attacking American ships • While France agreed to a deal with the United States, Britain refused • The United States was still working under Washington’s foreign policy of Isolationism and many did not want to go to war • Native Americans with the help of the British kept attacking setters in the western frontier as well.

5. James Madison: President from 1809-1817 • On July 17th, 1812, Madison with the help of the War Hawks asked Congress to declare war on Great Britain • This was important because we were demanding Britain leave us alone but we also decided to invade the British territory of Canada • We were totally unprepared for war and failed at trying to conquer Canada including the city of York (today called Toronto) which we tried to burn down • The British marched south and burned down what is today Buffaloin December of 1813

6. James Madison: President from 1809-1817 • Then in April of 1814 they invaded Washington DCand burned many places to the ground including parts of the White House • Madison was the only sitting president to also serve as a leader the army during a battle when Washington was attacked • They war will end and the US will have gained no new land and go back to isolationism policy

7. 2 key things this come out of the War of 1812: • Francis Scott Key will write our National Anthem called the Star Spangled Bannerduring the Battle at Fort McHenry in Baltimore • Andrew Jacksonwill become a war hero during the Battle of New Orleans which will also be one of our only victories in the War of 1812 Brainpop on James Madison

8. James Monroe: President from 1817-1825 • 1817: The United States enters an Era of Good Feelings. This describes the time period around James Monroe’s Presidency. The country was united around this president and had a common vision for America’s future. • Some key events from Monroe’s Presidency:

9. MONROE DOCTRINE: • Monroe will issue what is known as the Monroe Doctrine, this document will become his greatest legacy • This document will warn all European nations that the United States and the rest of North and South America are CLOSED for colonization • A doctrine is a statement of official government policy

10. MONROE DOCTRINE: • This speech made in 1823 showed that the United States would not stand for European interference in our part of the world • Europe was angry at us for standing up to them. They wanted to use the colonies for a source of raw materials.

11. CRISIS OVER FLORIDA: • Monroe will also have to deal with a boarder crisis during his presidency between the United States and Spain over the border of Florida • Monroe sent troops commanded by General Andrew Jackson to take control and protect US settlers • Jackson and his troops will actually invade northern Florida in what is known as the Seminole War • The Spanish will fight back but eventually settle to give the US control of Florida

12. MISSOURI COMPROMISE: • Missouri wants to become a state in1820 • There was great debate over the issue of slavery • To compromise, Henry Clayproposed we let Missouri be a slave state and let the territory of Maine enter as a free state • This will become known as the Missouri Compromise of 1820

13. The Election of 1824: • John Quincy Adams (Secretary of State and son of former president) vs. Andrew Jackson (born in a log cabin, poor family, war hero) • This election will become known as the Corrupt Bargain • Jackson will win the popular vote BUT not enough electoral votes

14. The Election of 1824: • The House of Representatives got to vote and pick the leader • It is called a corrupt bargain because even though Jackson was the clear choice of the people, Henry Clay, the speaker of the house, backed John Quincy Adams • Clay become the new Secretary of State under Adams leading to the cries of corruption • Jackson felt the presidency was stolenfrom him and will spend the next 4 years campaigning to be the next president

15. Election of 1828: • Jackson will run again and this time beat John Quincy Adams • The campaign between the two men will be very nasty and full of “mudslinging” • He will become known as the Common Manand a President who was the people’s choice • Jackson is a member of the new Democratic Party • His time as president is sometimes nicknamed the Age of Jackson

16. Andrew Jackson: President from 1829-1837, a Jacksonian Democracy • Jackson was a very intimidating leader and had the nickname “Old Hickory” because of his strong personality • There were some big issues during Jackson’s presidency, including: • The Spoils System: Jackson’s practice of rewarding political supporters with jobs in the government • Kitchen Cabinet: Jackson did not like the men he appointed to his official cabinet and often fired them for disagreeing. He instead relied on a group of trusted friends and supporters whom he often met with in the White House kitchen

17. Andrew Jackson: President from 1829-1837, a Jacksonian Democracy • Nullification Crisis: Jackson had to deal with many of the states fighting over the government with raising tariffs. This fight over states rights lead to a crisis with South Carolinathreatening to break away. Jackson threatened to send in troops and South Carolina stepped down. • WATCH CLIP ON THE • TARIFF OF ABOMINATIONS

19. Andrew Jackson: President from 1829-1837, a Jacksonian Democracy • Battle over the Bank:Jackson did not like the bank of the United States. Jackson did what he needed to let the bank die out. He believed the bank hurt the common everyday citizen and only helped out the rich. Jackson killed a new bank bill with his Veto and Congress didn’t have enough votes to override his veto. Jackson weakened the bank while president but later president’s will restore its power Brainpop on Andrew Jackson

20. Andrew Jackson: President from 1829-1837, a Jacksonian Democracy • Indian Removal Act:Jackson and Congress passed this act in 1830. It called for the forced removal of Natives in Southern states to newly created Indian Territories out West. This led to the Trail of Tears when Jackson called for the removal of 1000’s of Cherokee Natives from their homeland in Georgia to the land in Oklahoma. Many of the natives died along the way.