Silvana Amaral Image Processing Division – DPI National Institute for Space Research - INPE

1. Challenges in Providing Environmental & Geospatial Data for modelling processes in the Amazon Region. Biodiversity and Land Use and Land Cover Change for GEOMA Project. Silvana Amaral Image Processing Division – DPI National Institute for Space Research - INPE Strategies for Open and Permanent Access to Scientific Information in Latin America: Focus on Health and Environmental Information for Sustainable Development Atibaia - SP, Brazil May, 2007

2. Context • GEOMA: “Rede Cooperativa de Modelagem Ambiental” • Cooperative Network for Environmental Modelling • Established by Ministry of Science and Technology • INPE/OBT, INPE/CPTEC, LNCC, INPA, IMPA, MPEG • Long-term objectives • Develop computational­-mathematical models to predict the spatial dynamics of ecological and socio-economic systems at different geographic scales, within the framework of sustainability • Support policy decision making at local, regional and national levels, by providing decision makers with qualified analytical tools.

3. Priority Areas for conservation and sustainable use of the Brazilian Biodiversity -ARPA Context • Processes are scale dependent • Human Dimension • Biodiversity • LUCC • Data needings - Legal Amazonia scale

4. Permanent open access to S&T Challenges in Providing Environmental & Geospatial Data: • Data Providing • Generation and description • Governamental Initiatives – MMA, SIPAM, INPE, etc. • Free access in the internet

11. Permanent open access to S&T Challenges in Providing Environmental & Geospatial Data: • Multi-scale • Data generation – scales and quality • Data Availabity • Space and time scale and series • Data format • Free access / technology

12. Different Scales • Data for regional modeling

13. 0 0 0 200 Km 200 Km 200 Km Networks and connections Different Scales • Regional connectivity • Past and present process of land use occupation • Physical connections of the human settlement and proximity Arara Arara Transamazônica Transamazônica Koatinemo Koatinemo Kararaô Kararaô Cachoeira Cachoeira Trincheira Trincheira Seca do Seca do Iriri Iriri Bacajá Bacajá Rio Xingu Rio Xingu Araweté Araweté / / Rio Rio Iriri Iriri Ig Ig . . Ipiuxuna Ipiuxuna Apyterewa Apyterewa Curuá Curuá BR 163 BR 163 - - São Felix São Felix do Xingu do Xingu Novo Novo Progresso Progresso Baú Baú Kayapó Kayapó Menkragnoti Menkragnoti

14. Different Scales Networks and connectionsField Work Physical network Urban network

15. Biodiversity - Detailed Data • Field Work • BR-319 • Madeira - Purus

16. Areal Videography from Amazonia • GEOMA - May/Jun de 2006 – Intergrated Expedition INPE, INPA, MPEG,WCS – 1, FUNCATE, CPT, FSP http://www.dpi.inpe.br/geoma/videografia/download.php

17. ZEE - BRAZIL • “Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico no Brasil” National Program to support territorial planning and Environmental Conservation. • Planning, Diagnostic, Prognostic, Implementation Strategy • Geographical Data Base (Medeiros & Crepani) INCRA, INPA, CCSIPAM, CODEVASF, Pertobras and others

18. ZEE - Scales

19. ZEE – Legal Amazon Internet ZEE Brasil Other sources Data gathering External Tables TerraLib ASCII Geo Shapefile ASCII – SPRING Geotiff Data Selection Dgn / partial Dxf / partial Shapefile Arc Info / E00, UNG Mid / Mif Tiff – Geotiff / Geojpg ASCII – SPRING DBF ASCII tables Import Export Data Selection Geographical Data Base SPRING Consulting TerraView Data Verification DATA BASE: ~ 40 Gigabytes 520 layers, 23 tables (+600 atributes)

20. Geomorphology Data

21. Geomorphology and Landsat Data

22. Geomorphology and SRTM Data

23. Spatial Data BD Terralib BD SPRING Terraview SGBD MySQL Client SPRING Client Web Service TerraPHP Client Geographic Data Base and Geographic Information System Challenge/Commitment: National/ Free Softwares

24. ZEE – Legal Amazon Scenario: Systematic and Update Information MMA-SDS Source: MMA/SDS

25. ZEE – Project Status 1:250.000 products (2006) Legend Working Concluded Source: MMA/SDS (2006)

26. ZEE - Results • Products: • Technical Reports • Geographical Data Base • Consulting System • Data Dissemination • CDROM (Data Base) – under request • Internet – MacroZEE Consulting and map server (Other scales - forthcoming)

27. Permanent open access to S&T Barriers in Providing Environmental & Geospatial Data: • TI capacity building and investments – Data Base and internet services • Herbarium of Instituto de Botânica – SP • Data policy - institutional and personal • “What would I receive as profit from making my data free?” • Differences between Advertising, Consulting (Map Server) & Free data access

28. A “Model” for providing access (INPE´s strategy and data policy) Earth observation data for everyone: the CBERS experience (Camara, 2007) • The world is changing rapidly • Climate Change is here to stay • Global land observation is a crucial need for the world, but its future is uncertain • MODIS is very useful,but has no future • What will happen to LANDSAT? • Global land observation systems are a public good • PRODES, DETER, DETEX – environmental monitoring systems

29. Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 22 August 2003

30. Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 May 2004

31. Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 21 May 2004 Imagem Modis de 2004-05-21, com excesso de nuvens

32. Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 07 June 2004

33. Altamira (Pará) – MODIS Image – 22 June 2004 6.000 hectares deforested in one month!

34. Altamira (Pará) – LANDSAT Image – 07 July 2004

35. Go to the field....

36. ...and get the bad guys!

37. Land Remote Sensing: 20 to 50 meter resolution

38. Land Remote Sensing: 50 – 300m resolution

39. Strategy for CBERS How do we obtain support for funding Earth Observation Missions (300+ million dollar question)? • Our answer: Make all sectors of society use publically funded EO data... • ...by providing EO data for free! • CBERS images received in Brazil are freely available on the Internet for Brazilian and Latin American users • CBERS images received in China are freely available on the Internet for Chinese users • A high-quality image processing software (SPRING) is also available free on the Internet in Brazil

42. FTP area for User

43. CBERS-2 CCD, Minas Gerais, Brazil

44. Free CBERS data • Enables new business and technology development • Facilitates trial uses for new clients and students • Planning new applications and scientific projects becomes easier • Satellite imagery became a popular and affordable environmental data for business, education and scientific research.

45. Free CBERS data • The CBERS data policy has been extremely well-received by government and society in Brazil • There is an enormous demand for remote sensing and environmental data in developing countries • Free on-line data access can significantly increase the number of users of earth observation data

46. Final Comments • There are Environmental and Geospatial data available • BUT … data quality, metadata, scale has to be considered • GEOMA demands data of high quality and several scales • AND is providing some basic data • AND is working on publishing and data availability (internet and Newsletters) • Environmental and Geospatial data as public good can create demands for services and research, what promote a positive feed-back for free data access.

47. Thank you! silvana@dpi.inpe.br Slides and photos also provided by: Ana Paula Aguiar Gilberto Camara José S. de Medeiros Mario Cohn-Half INPE´s team