Chapter 3 section 2

1. Chapter 3 section 2 New England Colonies “A City Upon a Hill”

2. Religious Freedom, 1620 • Protestant group of reformers • Wanted to leave, SEPARATE, from the Anglican Church • Pilgrims – journey for religious reasons • Would move to Virginia to practice religion freely. • Traveled on the Mayflower. • Only 35 of the 102 people were Pilgrims.

3. Mayflower Compact, 1620 • Landed at Plymouth, over 200 miles away from Virginia. • William Bradford, leader. • BEFORE getting off the boat, they wrote and signed a formal document – the Mayflower Compact. • Pledged loyalty to England • Majority rule • One of first documents in creating representative government in America

4. Help from Native Americans • First winter – almost half died from starvation. • Spring, 1621 – two Pawtuxet Indians, Squanto, and Samoset, came to help them. • Fall, 1621, the Pilgrims and the Pawtuxet meet and hold a feast to celebrate the peace between them. • Now called Thanksgiving.

5. Puritans • 1625 • King Charles I becomes King of England • Puritans wanted the Anglican Church to change • Charles I was opposed to any change and began to persecute the Puritans • The Puritans leave England and plan to create a settlement north of Plymouth

6. BOSTON • Puritans wanted to create a new society in America – one based upon the Bible. • It was located on higher ground in what is today Boston, Massachusetts • They wanted people to walk by and say, “look at that city upon the hill. If only we could be like them.” • Extremely harsh and strict in their laws and rules for living. • Adult male church members were allowed to vote. Later, would also require land ownership.

7. TROUBLEMAKERS • Anne Hutchinson : • Roger Williams:

8. TROUBLEMAKERS, continued • Thomas Hooker • Connecticut • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut • First written plan of government in the colonies • Main settlement, Hartford

9. TROUBLEMAKERS, cont. • John Wheelright • New Hampshire In 1638 a settlement was made at Exeter between the Piscataqua and Merrimac rivers by John Wheelwright, the brother-in-law of Mrs. Hutchinson, who had been banished from Massachusetts. The territory that would become New Hampshire was included in a grant of land in 1622 by the Council for New England to Sir Ferdinando Gorges and John Mason,

10. Conflict with Native Americans • Native Americans were essential to the survival of the early colonists • 1636, war broke out between the settlers and the Pequot people in Massachusetts • 1675, King Phillip, the Wampanoag chief in New England; also know as Metacomet. • Wanted to stop settlers from moving onto and taking the lands from the Native Americans. • Killed hundreds of people • War destroyed the power of the Native Americans in New England.