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Placebo

Placebo . :]. Placebo effect. This is the title given too the effect, caused by giving people something they except to have a certain reaction and feeling that reaction because they expect it.

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Placebo

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  1. Placebo :]

  2. Placebo effect • This is the title given too the effect, caused by giving people something they except to have a certain reaction and feeling that reaction because they expect it. • This has been shown in many experiments. A doctor may give a patient a sugar pill which should do nothing but the patient feels better because they expect it.

  3. Snake Oil

  4. Snake oil • While Placebos have been used through out history the most famous placebo maybe snake oil. • In the 1700’s in England Snake oil came from “China” as a remedy for all kinds of illness. Although the snake oil was more often then not just water mixed with oil, both this and Snake oil have been shown to have no healing properties. • This was imported into America where the saying Snake oil salesman comes from.

  5. How it was tested for • This was tested for with a Controlled study • In 1946 Jellinek a doctor was asked to test headache drugs. • He broke everyone up into two groups. One got a headache drug like aspirin, and the other group got a pill that look identical but which was just sugar. • Everytime a patient got a headache they were given their drug. None of them knew what drug they were getting.

  6. Results • Jellinek found that people in all groups were responding to the drugs they were given • Over the entire population of 199 subjects, there were 120 "subjects reacting to placebo" and 79 "subjects not reacting to placebo“ • While more people who were given the headache drug found it got rid of their headaches it was still significant so many responded to the sugar pill.

  7. How it works. • No one truly knows exactly why it works but there are theories. • Conditioning is one theory. • This is the idea because you have had drugs in the past that worked the way you were told you expect the new one to do the same. • Because your body expects it and has done that in the past it reacts the same way under placebo.

  8. Conditioning and ODing • Conditioning also has a roll in ODing on drugs. • This has to do with taking the same amount of drug as someone has in the past in a new environment the tolerance is reset. Their body not conditioned too the new environment. • This means the drug tolerance is reset and that causes over dosing.

  9. Nocebo • This is the opposite effect. • A drug which does not work because that is the expected result • This does happen and has been documented with many drug trials.

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