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Volker Matthias, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany

Volker Matthias, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany. The influence of MM5 nudging schemes on CMAQ simulations of benzo(a)pyrene concentrations and depositions in Europe. Outline. Introduction MM5 nudging schemes Comparison to measurements CMAQ model results for B(a)P and PM10

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Volker Matthias, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany

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  1. Volker Matthias, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany The influence of MM5 nudging schemes on CMAQ simulations of benzo(a)pyrene concentrations and depositions in Europe

  2. Outline • Introduction • MM5 nudging schemes • Comparison to measurements • CMAQ model results for B(a)P and PM10 • Conclusions

  3. Emissions are likely to increase wood burning, ship traffic Why PAHs ? PAHs imperil humans and ecosystems • highly bioaccumulative (food chain) • persistent in various environmental compartments • significant adverse effects already at low doses • carcinogenic • impair immune system • impair reproduction B(a)P Object of international reduction conventions (Target values for air concentrations - EU: 1 ng/m3 (annual average), UK: 0.25 ng/m3)

  4. Model domains 30 vertical layers up to 100 hPa 54x54 km2 grid 18x18 km2 grid

  5. MM5 parameterizations • The use of MM5 at GKSS: • Kain Fritsch 2 convective cloud scheme • MRF (Hong and Pan) PBL scheme • Reisner 2 microphysics scheme • Noah LSM • ERA40 6-hourly boundary conditions • (FDDA grid nudging with ERA40 fields)

  6. Checking meteorological fields Comparison to ascents from 88 radiosonde station from the igra data base (Durre et al., 2006). RS data is interpolated to model levels. Mean deviation and correlation are calculated for each profile.

  7. Test of nudging schemes • Cases: • No nudging (no nudging) • No nudging, periodic restart (periodic) • Nudge only winds (nudge wind) • Nudge winds and temperature (nudge uvt) • Nudge winds, temperature and humidity (nudge all) • Nudge all, but use no LSM (nudge no LSM) • Nudge all with variable SST (nudge vsst) • Use subsets of layers (nudge all, 9L (12 L))

  8. Test of nudging schemes: temperature 3 5 0 -3 nudge all periodic nudge wind no nudging nudge uvt nudge no LSM nudge vsst nudge all, 9L (12 L) root mean square error / Kmean difference / K

  9. Test of nudging schemes: rel. humidity 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0 nudge all periodic nudge wind no nudging nudge uvt nudge no LSM nudge vsst nudge all, 9L (12 L) root mean square errormean difference

  10. Monthly mean of correlation and bias sorted by station: Rel. Humidity Year 2000, mean correlation (Rel. Hum.)

  11. Annual mean of vertical wind profiles U-wind V-wind high temporal correlations at all heights (0.85 - 0.99)

  12. Comparison to wind-profiler data (CWINDE) mean vertical profiles (year 2000) Pendine/UK Lindenberg/D Data from Myles Turp, UK Met Office

  13. Model: influence of resolution and nudging U-wind spectra from wind profilers vs. model results Model/oberservations Maximum-Entropy-spectra of the U-wind component

  14. periodioc simulations Effects on B(a)P concentrations full nudging

  15. periodioc simulations Effects on B(a)P depositions full nudging

  16. Annual PM10 Time series of daily means at Neuglobsow/Germany, year 2000 mean bias -7.4 mg/m3 corr coeff 0.52

  17. Chemical composition at Melpitz/Germany Sec. Organic Aer. underestimated, particularly in summer

  18. PM10 frequency distribution function Neuglobsow / Germany Payerne/Switzerland • Frequency distribution of PM10 measurements is log-normal. • Model results reveal the same distribution function.

  19. Conclusions • MM5 results were tested with different nudging schemes • Full nudging of T, RH, U and V permits close agreement with observations • Depending on horizontal grid scale, intraday variability of wind comp. is not resolved by the model • Deposition patterns can be highly sensitive to nudging/no nudging in MM5 • PM10 results imply significant underestimation of organic aerosol in summer • Good results for sec. inorganic aerosols in Central Europe

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