BONDING

1. BONDING Chem-160

2. Covalent Bonds Chem-160

3. LET’S FIRST REVIEW IONIC BONDING Chem-160

4. K F In an IONIC bond, electrons are lost or gained, resulting in the formation of IONS in ionic compounds. Chem-160

5. K F Chem-160

6. K F Chem-160

7. K F Chem-160

8. K F Chem-160

9. K F Chem-160

10. K F Chem-160

11. _ + K F Chem-160

12. _ + K F The compound potassium fluoride consists of potassium (K+) ions and fluoride (F-) ions Chem-160

13. _ + K F The ionic bond is the attraction between the positive K+ ion and the negative F- ion Chem-160

14. So what are covalent bonds? Chem-160

15. In covalent bonding, atoms still want to achieve a noble gas configuration (the octet rule). Chem-160

16. In covalent bonding, atoms still want to achieve a noble gas configuration (the octet rule). But rather than losing or gaining electrons, atoms now share an electron pair. Chem-160

17. In covalent bonding, atoms still want to achieve a noble gas configuration (the octet rule). But rather than losing or gaining electrons, atoms now share an electron pair. The shared electron pair is called a bonding pair Chem-160

18. Chlorine forms a covalent bond with itself Cl2 Chem-160

19. How will two chlorine atoms react? Cl Cl Chem-160

20. Cl Cl Each chlorine atom wants to gain one electron to achieve an octet Chem-160

21. Cl Cl Neither atom will give up an electron – chlorine is highly electronegative. What’s the solution –what can they do to achieve an octet? Chem-160

22. Cl Cl Chem-160

23. Cl Cl Chem-160

24. Cl Cl Chem-160

25. Cl Cl Chem-160

26. Cl Cl octet Chem-160

27. Cl Cl octet circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

28. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

29. Cl Cl The octet is achieved by each atom sharing the electron pair in the middle circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

30. Cl Cl This is the bonding pair circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

31. Cl Cl It is a single bonding pair circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

32. Cl Cl It is called aSINGLE BOND circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

33. Cl Cl Single bonds are abbreviated with a dash circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

34. Cl Cl This is the chlorine molecule, Cl2 circle the electrons for each atom that completes their octets Chem-160

35. O2 Oxygen is also one of the diatomic molecules Chem-160

36. O O How will two oxygen atoms bond? Chem-160

37. O O Each atom has two unpaired electrons Chem-160

38. O O Chem-160

39. O O Chem-160

40. O O Chem-160

41. O O Chem-160

42. O O Chem-160

43. O O Chem-160

44. O O Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative. So both atoms want to gain two electrons. Chem-160

45. O O Oxygen atoms are highly electronegative. So both atoms want to gain two electrons. Chem-160

46. O O Chem-160

47. O O Chem-160

48. O O Chem-160

49. O O Chem-160

50. O O Both electron pairs are shared. Chem-160