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Other Classification Systems

Other Classification Systems. Other classification systems. Larger offices maintain proprietary classification systems: ECLA - European Classification (EPO) based on IPC; English only USPC – United States Patent Classification (USPTO) different philosophy; English only

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Other Classification Systems

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  1. Other Classification Systems

  2. Other classification systems • Larger offices maintain proprietary classification systems: • ECLA - European Classification (EPO) • based on IPC; English only • USPC – United States Patent Classification (USPTO) • different philosophy; English only • F / FI terms – Japanese Classification Systems (JPO) • FI based on IPC; Japanese, English • DEKLA – German Classification System (GPTO) • based on IPC, German only • Harmonization of ECLA, USPC, FI by IP5 Offices > to be included in new IPC versions.

  3. ECLA • Internal classification of the EPO • Based on the IPC, but more detailed: 134.000 entries • Applied by EPO examiners to EP documents (obligatory) and PCT minimum documents (discretionary) > the IPC part of the ECLA of non EP docs may be different than IPC given by national IPO because the EP examiner may have a different opinion than the publishing office • Searching with the use of ECLA codes is possible on Espacenet • Access: http://v3.espacenet.com/eclasrch?CY=EP&LG=en • Brochure: http://www.espacenet.com/getstarted/classification_search_en.pdf

  4. ECLA on esp@cenet

  5. ECLA and IPC • ECLA = latest IPC edition • + EPO subdivisions • + EPO text additions in IPC • groups • Exceptions • IPC groups / amendments not (yet) introduced (lack of time or not good) • IPC of former or future editions

  6. Subdividing letters & hierarchy • Rules: • Alphabetic order • Letter – digit – letter - …. • 1 dot more = 1 letter/digit more • Examiners choice: • Selection of letter • Deep subdivision G02B5/00 Optical elements other than lenses G02B5/30 . Polarising elements G02B5/30F . . [N: comprising dielectric particles] G02B5/30L . . [N: involving liquid crystal elements] G02B5/30P . . [N: Polarisers] G02B5/30P1 . . . [N: in the form of a thin sheet or foil] G02B5/30P1S . . . . [N: comprising multiple thin layers] G02B5/30P1S1 . . . . . [N: including organic materials]

  7. Symbol structure & presentation A47G HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT (book-ends A47B5/00; knives B26B) 21/00 Table-ware (crumb trays A47L13/52; table knives B26B) 21/18 . Drinking straws or the like([N: as integral parts of drinking containers A47G19/22B12];for therapeutic purposes A61J15/00; [N: adapted to emerge from drinking containers when opened B65D77/28C]) [C9804] 21/18B .. [N: combined with cutlery or other eating utensils] [N9409][C9701] [N: ] = “Non-official“ [N9409 ] = New = introduction date: September 1994 [C9701 ] = Changed : January 1997

  8. ECLA "WARNINGS" • A WARNING is introduced locally in the ECLA scheme for signalling deviations from IPC, or incompleteness: • IPC groups not used in ECLA • e.g. see Warning after G01N • Deleted / transferred ECLA groups • e.g. see Warning after H01F • Reclassification in progress • e.g. see Warning after B01D, G01N27/00 • A NOTE can be used to signal use of special databases in the field • e.g. see Note after B32B • a Note is used instead of a Warning, because it does not impact on the completeness of groups

  9. Use in esp@cenet

  10. Results in esp@cenet ECLA IPC

  11. USPC • United States Patent Classification • 160.000 groups • Not based on the IPC • Regular revision • Obligatory reclassification after revision • Applied only to US documents • Corresponding IPC of US documents via concordance list: sometimes of poor quality; better use ECLA on Espacenet, or IPC in ICP field of Depatisnet because they are given by EP or DE examiners. > http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/selectnumwithtitle.htm

  12. USPC - example

  13. Japanese FI (File Index) • 190.000 groups • IPC-based • Regularly revised (once or twice / year) • Obligatory reclassification after revision • Only applied to JP documents • IPC via concordance list • URL: http://www5.ipdl.inpit.go.jp/pmgs1/pmgs1/pmgs_E

  14. Japanese F - terms • 350.000 codes • Very detailed indexation, supplementary to FI • Independent from the IPC • Revision with reclassification (once a year) • Only applied to JP documents • No concordance to the IPC

  15. German DEKLA • Internal classification of the GPTO • About 100.000 groups • Based on the IPC, but more detailed; mostly only one additional level of hierarchy • Mostly available only in German language • Applied by German examiners to German and other patent documents • Searching with the use of DECLA codes is possible on DEPATISNET • Access via Depatisnet (click on IPC tab; tick DEKLA box)

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