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ATRU, Application Technology Engineering Group, Wooster, Ohio

Floral and Nursery Crop Research Initiative Update. ATRU, Application Technology Engineering Group, Wooster, Ohio. Dr. Richard C. Derksen. Research Objectives/Goals:. Identify common methods growers use for treating nursery and greenhouse crops

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ATRU, Application Technology Engineering Group, Wooster, Ohio

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  1. Floral and Nursery Crop Research Initiative Update ATRU, Application Technology Engineering Group, Wooster, Ohio Dr. Richard C. Derksen

  2. Research Objectives/Goals: • Identify common methods growers use for treating nursery and greenhouse crops • Establish cooperative research programs with producers • Assess and develop methods for improving efficacy in nurseries and greenhouses • Identify means for reducing drift risk in nursery production areas

  3. Research Objective: To evaluate sprayer operating parameters that may improve the effectiveness of sprays made to nursery crops • Parameters evaluated: • Form of spray delivery • Air outlet speed • Fan orientation • Application rate • Ground speed

  4. Experimental Nursery Sampling Sites Q2 Q2 3 m Q3 Q1 Q2 2 m Q1 Q1 Q3 Q1 Q3 Q2 1 m Q3 Q1 Q1 Target Height Row 3 Row 2 Row 1

  5. On-farm nursery sprayer trials: • The conventional, axial fan, sprayer can not treat multiple rows effectively • A second-pass is a very effective method for producing relatively uniform spray deposits • CF reduced volume sprays can increase field capacity and provide similar within block treatment • Reducing CF fan speed can improve near-sprayer performance

  6. Apple Scab Management Sprayer Trial • Three sprayer treatments: • High volume (57 gpa), Conventional sprayer • Low volume (20 gpa), Conventional sprayer, low drift nozzles • Low volume (20 gpa), Crossflow sprayer • Big drop off in coverage beyond 2nd row • Significantly less coverage on backside of tree canopies • Some droplet deposits did not contain active ingredients

  7. Control Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 X X X 86 61 90 X X X LEGEND Tree 86 Tree 61 Tree 90 Small Tree 4 METERS POSITION 2 TOWER 8 METERS POSITION 3 DOUBLE STAPLEX SAMPLER SINGLE STAPLEX SAMPLER 16 METERS POSITION 4 GROUND TARGET APPLE TREE 32 METERS POSITION 5 BIVANE X LEAF TARGET 64 METERS POSITION 6 NOTE 1: THE DISTANCE BETWEEN POSITIONS ARE MEASURED AT AN ANGLE FROM THE TREE LINE. 128 METERS POSITION 7 PASS NO. 256 METERS POSITION 8 Drift Measurement Test Site Layout

  8. Greenhouse Application Equipment Trials: Electrostatic Systems Sprayer, EPS-5 DRAMM Mini-Coldfogger High volume sprayer, many nozzles to choose from

  9. Spray quality assessments: Bench plants, Top of canopy, Upperside surface Autofogger ESS (electrostatic) Coldfogger (one side only) Coldfogger (two sides)

  10. Greenhouse trial findings: • High volume application equipment is able to deposit more material onto target foliage than the ESS or DRAMM • The increased quantity from high volume sprays does not result in increased efficacy • DRAMM and ESS are more effective equipment, but are being used with a less effective application volume • High volume, hydraulic sprayer is less effective but its problems are being overcome by a more effective application volume

  11. Technology transfer objectives/goals: • Demonstrate to growers how use equipment most efficiently in their operations • Demonstrate new equipment options to producers • Report findings through research journals, popular press, and producer meetings and workshops

  12. On-Farm Nursery Sprayer Surveys

  13. On-Farm Nursery Sprayer Calibrations • Results: • Few equipment operators knowledgeable about equipment operation • Non-functioning pressure gauges found • Wide-range of travel speeds used • Several different kinds of nozzles used

  14. On Farm Coverage/Penetration Evaluations

  15. On-Farm Coverage/Penetration Evaluations

  16. Greenhouse workshops: Lectures and hands-on experiences

  17. Future plans: • Greenhouse fungicide trials comparing delivery techniques and surfactants • Identify means to reduce damage to beneficial nematodes delivered through sprayers • Nursery field trials comparing efficacy for low-drift and high-drift risk sprayer set-ups • Evaluate effect of canopy development on spray movement • Work with producers to optimize sprayer operation and minimize off-site impact

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