Science in Our World

1. Science in Our World 6th Grade Science Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

2. Introduction Chapter 1: Science In Our World Section 1: Science and Scientist Section 2: Scientific Method Section 3: Scientific Models Section 4: Tools, Measurement, and Safety Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

3. Science and Scientist What Do You Think? What is Science? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

4. Science and Scientist Try this! • Mission Possible? • Examine an index card. • Your mission is to fit yourself through the card. • Brainstorm with your partner on ways to complete your task. • Try some ideas to see if they work. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD See speaker notes for lab.

5. Science and Scientists Science is a process of gathering knowledge about the natural world. Science starts with a question and uses several methods to find the answer. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

6. Science and Scientist After you ask a question, how do you begin to investigate? • Research • Observation • Experimentation Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

7. Science and Scientist Why ask questions? To Save lives Save resources Save the environment Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

8. Science and Scientist Click on the following link to create a Famous Scientist Wanted Poster Website to Visit: Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

9. Pre-AP Extension Pre-AP: Have students write a one page report on what they want to be when they grow up and explain how science is a part of their job. Present report to the class. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

10. Let’s Review 1. What is Science? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

11. Answer Science is a process of gathering knowledge about the natural world. Science starts with a question and uses several methods to find the answer. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

12. Let’s Review 2. What are three methods of investigation? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

13. Answer • Research • Observation • Experimentation Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

14. Let’s Review 3. What are some benefits of science in the world around you? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

15. Answer To Save lives Save resources Save the environment Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

16. Let’s Review 4. What are some jobs that use science? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

17. Answer Environmental Scientist Cartographer Engineer Accept any reasonable answer. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

18. Scientific Method Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

19. Scientific Method How Can Matter Be Measured and Compared? What Do You Think? How can paleontologists know what a dinosaur looked liked, how it behaved, and what it ate based only on its fossilized remains? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

20. Scientific Method Scientific methods are the ways in which scientists answer questions and solve problems. Scientist may use all the steps or some of the steps in an investigation. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

21. Scientific Method Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite:http://is.asu.edu/plb108/course/scimeth/media/scisteps.jpg

22. Scientific Method Scientist tend to ask a question after making observations. An observation is any use of the senses to gather information. Observation can be made throughout the experiment. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

23. Scientific Method When scientist what to investigate a question, they form a hypothesis. Hypothesis is a possible explanation or answer to a question- educated guess. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite: http://www.mountainlake.k12.mn.us/staff/jhaberman/Sciencefair/Hypothesis.JPG

24. Scientific Method After a hypothesis is form, scientist must test their hypothesis. Dataare any pieces of information gathered through experimentation. Data can tell scientist if the hypothesis is valid or not. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

25. Scientific Method Once data has been collected, scientist must analyze their data. Analyzing results help scientist construct reasonable explanations based on evidence they collected. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

26. Scientific Method Do the results support the hypothesis? Scientists study the results to see if their hypothesis is right or wrong. They may repeat the investigation or ask new questions and form a new hypothesis. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

27. Scientific Method Scientist share their results by writing reports in journals, giving lectures or by way of the internet. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD See speaker notes for Core Lab

28. Scientific Method Website to Visit: Click Here Let us review the steps to the scientific method before conducting an experiment. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

29. Pre-AP Extension The scientific method is a systematic approach to problem solving. Explore the scientific method and learn about controls and variables in an experiment. Use the Experimental Design lab write up to conduct a lab. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD See speaker notes for lab.

30. Let’s Review 1. What are some of the steps in the scientific method? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

31. Answer Ask a question Make observations Form a hypothesis Test hypothesis Collect Data Analyze Data Draw a Conclusion Communicate Results Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

32. Let’s Review 2. Why is a hypothesis sometimes called an educated guess? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

33. Answer A hypothesis is a possible solution based on previous knowledge, so it is an educated guess. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

34. Let’s Review 3. What options does a scientist have if the results of an experiment do not support a hypothesis? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

35. Answer A scientist could repeat the investigation to check for errors or could ask new questions and form a new hypothesis. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

36. Scientific Models Cite: http://www.graphic.org/concept.html Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

37. Scientific Models What Are Three States of Matter? What Do You Think? How is an airplane flight simulator a kind of model? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

38. Scientific Models Modelsare representations of objects or systems. Models can be used for: • Understanding something • Predicting • Picturing things in your mind • Explain scientific theories Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

39. Scientific Models Physical Models look like the object they model. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

40. Scientific Models Mathematical models are made up of mathematical equations and data. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite: http://www.ncver.edu.au/statistics/vet/ann98/glance98/pix/graph3.gif

41. Scientific Models Conceptual models are systems of ideas. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite: http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/edu/ea/d300/engaged_learning/water_concept_map.jpg

42. Scientific Models Limitation of Models: they don’t act exactly like the things they model or they may not look like the things they represent. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

43. Scientific Models A theory is a unifying explanation for a broad range of hypotheses and observations that have been supported by testing. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD Cite: http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/astro1/slideshows/class41/007-impact_theory.jpg

44. Scientific Models Laws are a summary of many experimental results and observations. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

45. Scientific Models Activity Give each student a piece of paper. Ask the students to use the paper to make a paper airplane that can fly. Conduct trails to see whose airplane can fly the farthest, whose can make the most turns before falling, and whose can stay in the air the longest. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

46. Let’s Review 1. How are models used to represent the natural world? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

47. Answer Modelsare used to represent the natural world through the use of familiar objects or ideas to stand for other things. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

48. Let’s Review 2. What are two limitations of models? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

49. Answer Limitation of Models: they don’t act exactly like the things they model or they may not look like the things they represent. Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD

50. Let’s Review 3. What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law? Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD