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Training on Social Network Analysis Mapping social relations

Training on Social Network Analysis Mapping social relations. Steeve Ebener, WHO. Manila, Philippines 28-30 April 2008. SNA ??. Welcome and introduction of the participants . Name, function, institution. 2. Expectations for this training. 3. . Icebreaker. Cecile de Luna. 3.

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Training on Social Network Analysis Mapping social relations

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  1. Training on Social Network AnalysisMapping social relations Steeve Ebener, WHO Manila, Philippines 28-30 April 2008

  2. SNA ?? Welcome and introduction of the participants • Name, function, institution 2. Expectations for this training 3. ...

  3. Icebreaker Cecile de Luna 3 Who are the 3 peoples in the room you have known for the longest time ? Number of years you know her/him Ruby Serrano 5 2 8 2 Irene Hizon  /  2  5  3  2  8

  4. Icebreaker WHO 20 19 BLHD 10.5 5 10 8 10 9 18 IMS 15 24 10 14 NCH

  5. Objectives1, content2, and format of the training3 • Have a better understanding of social network concepts, methods and tools 2. Presentations, discussions, practical exercises,links to additional material 3. Sessions organized to allow everybody to follow Feel at home !

  6. Material for the training Source Professor Steve Borgatti © University of Kentucky Borgatti Professor Thomas Valente University of Southern California Valente Hanneman & Riddle 1995 Other sources Publications Web sites ...

  7. Material for the training CD Name documents Knowledge_Mapping... Questionnaire_... UCINET_user_manual... ...

  8. Material for the training Distributed documents 1 2 3 4 5

  9. Objectives1, content2, and format of the training3 Day 1

  10. Objectives1, content2, and format of the training3 Day 2

  11. Objectives1, content2, and format of the training3 Day 3

  12. Session 1 -Introduction toKnowledge MappingandSocial Network Analysis

  13. Definition – Knowledge Management "To ensures that a person has the right knowledge at the right time to make knowledge-based decisions to achieve organizational goals"

  14. Knowledge = "actionable information" What is Knowledge Mapping ? Knowledge Map "an association of items of information (e.g. process, network, policy, geography,...), preferably visually, where the association itself creates new, actionable information" Knowledge Mapping "process of creating a knowledge map"

  15. Inputs Treatment Output Analysis and use What is Knowledge Mapping ? A process KManagement process

  16. The process itself is already rich in value without producing an output What is Knowledge Mapping ? The Map The process - (co) product • Not an end on itself

  17. What is Knowledge Mapping ? How does K mapping differ from other mapping processes ? What we map Skills Concepts Ideas Peoples Knowledge Assets Tacit Knowledge Explicit Knowledge … In order to identify knowledge: • gaps • hubs • networks • flows

  18. Extracted from Burkhard, R. 2005a What is Knowledge Mapping ? The visual Framework Purpose

  19. What is Knowledge Mapping ? Variety of forms

  20. Knowledge flows • “Knowledge flows along existing pathways in organisations. If we want to understand how to improve the flow of knowledge, we need to understand those pathways.” • Larry Prusak.

  21. Innovation • “I would never have conceived my theory, let alone have made a great effort to verify it, if I had been more familiar with major developments in physics that were taking place. Moreover, my initial ignorance of the powerful, false objections that were raised against my ideas protected thoses ideas from being nipped in the bud.” • Michael Polanyi (1963), on a major contribution to physics. Borgatti

  22. Innovation • New ideas and practices originate enter communities from some external source. • These external sources can be mass media, labor exchanges, cosmopolitan contact, technical shifts and so on. • Adoption of the new idea or practice then flows through interpersonal contact networks Valente

  23. Social Capital • The effectiveness of an organization – innovation, productivity and employee satisfaction – hinges on the strength of the relationships of its people. The sum of the relationships among people, norms, values and shared meaning in an organisation is often calledsocial capital. • Social capital may be as important to the success of an organisation as structural, customer and human/intellectual capital. In fact, all these latter forms depend to some extent on the quality of the relationships among their stakeholders.

  24. Social Capital Org-chart shows how authority ties should look… … but the digraph of actual advice-seeking … … can be restructured to reveal the “real” hierarchy! SOURCE: Brandes, Raab and Wagner (2001): http://www.inf.uni-konstanz.de/~brandes/publications/brw-envsd-01.pdf Knoke

  25. Relations Within the organization • Formal relations • Reports to, unit of • Task interdependencies • Rights, obligations, authorities of positions • Informal relations • Helping, informing, gossip • Trust, respect, competition, • Harassment, joking, etc... Borgatti

  26. Relations Among organizations • As corporate entities • Sells to, leases to, lend to, out sources to • Joint ventures, alliances, invests in, subsidiary • Regulates • Through their members • Ex-member of (personnel flows) • Interlocking directorates • Social relations Borgatti

  27. Relations Among peoples • Kin based • Other role-based • Cognitive • Affective • Interactions • Affiliations & proximities & attributes Borgatti

  28. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a diagnostic method for collecting and analyzing data about the patterns of relationships among people in groups. • SNA provides a view into the network of relationships that gives knowledge managers leverage to: • Improve the flow of knowledge, information and Innovation; • Build social capital • Acknowledge the thought leaders and key information brokers (and bottlenecks); • Target opportunities where increased knowledge flow will have the most impact on your bottom line. • Establishes a learning organization /community • In addition to that, SNA present the advantages of: • Providing both a visual and mathematical analysis • Using community inputs • Being replicable Modified from Valente

  29. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • Seeing natural systems as networks • Molecules: network of kinds of atoms • Brains: neural networks • organisms: network of specialized cells • Organizations: networks of jobs/individuals • Economies: networks of organizations • Ecologies: networks of organisms • Telephone, roads, internet, etc... Borgatti

  30. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • Seeing natural systems as networks http://www.orgnet.com/netindustry.html Borgatti

  31. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • What is distinctive about the field ? • The phenomena: What we study • Social relations among entities, conceptualized as a social network • The methodology: How we study it • Units of observation (cases) are dyads, not individuals actors • Variables are relations, not actor attributes • Dyadic, autocorrelated data require different statistical methods • The theory: How we understand it • Model groups as networks • Theoretical constructs such as centrality, structural equivalence, etc. • No single theory of everything, but common perspective Borgatti

  32. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • History • Visualisation programs • Matrix algebraic method • Social capital theory • Network programs • Diffusion of innovation (Rogers) • Creation of INSNA Modified from Knoke, Borgatti

  33. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • History • 1970s Rise of Sociologists • 1900s • Modern field of SN is established (journal, conference, assoc. etc • Durkheim • Simmel • 1930s Sociometry • 1980s Personal Computing • Moreno; Hawthorne studies • Erdos • IBM PC & network programs • 1940s Psychologists • 1990s Adaptive Radiation • Clique formally defined • 1950s Anthropologists • UCINET IV released; Pajek • Wasserman and Faust text • Spread of networks & Dyadic thinking: Rise of Social Capital • Barnes. Bott & Manchester school • 1960s Anthro and graph theorists • 2000s Physicists' "new science • Kinship algebras; Mitchell • Harary establishes grpah theory w/textbooks, journals, etc • Scalle free • Small world Borgatti

  34. Social Network Analysis (SNA) • Field well established today • Network applications appear in diverse substantive fields of most social sciences – anthropology, management, public health, sociology, economics (but political science?) • Studies span micro- meso- & macro-levels of analysis: • personal social & health support systems • children’s play groups, high school cliques • neighboring behavior, community participation • work teams, voluntary associations, social movements • military combat platoons, terrorist cells • corporate strategic alliances, board interlocks • international relations: trade, aid, war & peace Knoke

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