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Heat and Temperature

Heat and Temperature. Topics 4&5. Topic 4: Expansion & Contraction. Contraction. Expansion. Does everything we observe have the properties of matter?. Why do civil engineers have to think about thermal expansion and contraction when planning roadways sidewalks and bridges?.

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Heat and Temperature

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  1. Heat and Temperature Topics 4&5

  2. Topic 4: Expansion & Contraction

  3. Contraction

  4. Expansion

  5. Does everything we observe have the properties of matter?

  6. Why do civil engineers have to think about thermal expansion and contraction when planning roadways sidewalks and bridges?

  7. What is the fourth state of matter? • Plasma

  8. Topic 5: The Particle Model and Changes of States

  9. Specific heat capacity • Amount of thermal energy that warms or cools one gram of a material by one degree celsius.

  10. Condensation • When a gas turns into a liquid

  11. Sublimation • When a gas changes directly to a solid or a solid changes directly to a gas

  12. Fusion • Melting- a solid turns into a liquid • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aopdD9Cu-So

  13. Evaporation • A liquid turns into a gas

  14. Solidification • Freezing- a liquid turns into a solid

  15. Changes of state diagram

  16. Evaporative cooling • As high energy particles (heat) leave the surface of a liquid, the remaining liquid is cooler than the original liquid. The cool liquid then cools the surface on which it is resting.

  17. How does evaporation cool a liquid? • Because the most energetic particles escape from its surface

  18. Examples of evaporative cooling

  19. What is happening to particles of a substance during a phase change? • The total energy of a substance normally increases or decreases. • During a phase change, the average energy does not change therefore the temperature stays constant.

  20. Pg. 225 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UnBoQe2rsgo

  21. During a phase change, what happens to the total energy of a substance? • Why? • Stays the same • The particles no longer increase or decrease their speed, so the temperature and average energy stays the same.

  22. When you take a shower, beads of water may form on the bathroom mirror and other cold surfaces far from the shower…..

  23. A) Where did the water in the beads come from? • Steam condensing • B) In what state was the water that formed the beads as it traveled to the mirror? • Gas • C) What change of state is occurring when the beads of water form? • Condensation

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