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Jenny Wahl Carleton College Economics Department

Breakout Session 1: Colonists and Native Americans Land and beaver for war and disease: A fair trade?. Jenny Wahl Carleton College Economics Department. The Beaver “Game” (5 person group) part 1. Current beaver population: 10,000 Annual rate of population increase if no predators: 10%

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Jenny Wahl Carleton College Economics Department

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  1. Breakout Session 1: Colonists and Native Americans Land and beaver for war and disease: A fair trade? Jenny Wahl Carleton College Economics Department

  2. The Beaver “Game” (5 person group) part 1 Current beaver population: 10,000 Annual rate of population increase if no predators: 10% Possible per-family annual beaver consumption: 15: scrape by 20: adequate clothing, food, and medicine 25: luxurious clothing, extra food and medicine any amount over 25 would rot Each tribal representative in group speaks for 10 families

  3. The Beaver “Game” (2 person group)part 1 Current beaver population: 10,000 Annual rate of population increase if no predators: 10% Possible per-family annual beaver consumption: 15: scrape by 20: adequate clothing, food, and medicine 25: luxurious clothing, extra food and medicine any amount over 25 would rot Each tribal representative in group speaks for 25 families

  4. The Beaver “Game” (5 person group)part 2 Current beaver population: 10,000 Annual rate of population increase if no predators: 10% Possible per-family annual beaver consumption: 15: scrape by 20: adequate clothing, food, and medicine 25: luxurious clothing, extra food and medicine any amount over 25 would rot Each tribal representative in group speaks for 10 families White man will buy up to 50 pelts from each tribe for 5 shillings/pelt

  5. The Beaver “Game” (2 person group)part 2 Current beaver population: 10,000 Annual rate of population increase if no predators: 10% Possible per-family annual beaver consumption: 15: scrape by 20: adequate clothing, food, and medicine 25: luxurious clothing, extra food and medicine any amount over 25 would rot Each tribal representative in group speaks for 25 families White man will buy up to 125 pelts from each tribe for 5 shillings/pelt

  6. Fur Prices and Estimated Beaver Prices (Ft. Albany): 1700-1763

  7. The Importance of King Philip’s War • Strength in numbers is critical -- subsequent rise in colonial birth rates • A common enemy forges a common (non-British) identity • Decimation of indigenous people helps clear the path for Western expansion

  8. Subsequent Wars Involving Native Americans • King William’s War (1689-97), War of the Grand Alliance. Treaty of Ryswick (1697). • Queen Anne’s War (1702-13), War of the Spanish Succession. Treaty of Utrecht (1713). • King George’s War (1744-48), War of Jenkins’ Ear/Austrian Succession. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748). • French and Indian War (1754-63), Seven Years’ War. Treaty of Paris (1763). • American Revolution (1775-83). Treaty of Paris (1783/4).

  9. Infectious Disease Epidemics Other Than Smallpox, 1531-1778

  10. Smallpox Epidemics, 1520-1783

  11. Various Population Estimates Indigenous tribes (very rough) • Atlantic/Gulf region (1600-50): 220,000 – 2 million? • Plains region (1600s): 100,000? • East of Mississippi (1750) – 200,000? • Plains/Rockies/California/Alaska (mid-1800s): 500,000? • Atlantic/Gulf (1907): 86,770 • Plains/Rockies/California/Alaska (1907): 181,000 Whites • 1610: 350 • 1650: 49,000 • 1780: 2,210,000 Total • 1790: 3,929,000 • 1850: 23,261,000 • 1907: 87,008,000

  12. Interlocking Causes of Native Population Decline WarDisease

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