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Bleeding and Shock

Bleeding and Shock. Obj: I will identify types of bleeding Obj: I will investigate types, signs and symptoms, and treatment for shock. What are the rules involving blood in sports?. Blood is the only tissue that flows throughout the body Carries oxygen & nutrients to all parts of the body

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Bleeding and Shock

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  1. Bleeding and Shock Obj: I will identify types of bleeding Obj: I will investigate types, signs and symptoms, and treatment for shock

  2. What are the rules involving blood in sports?

  3. Blood is the only tissue that flows throughout the body Carries oxygen & nutrients to all parts of the body Transports waste products back to the lungs, kidneys, and liver for disposal Essential part of immune system Crucial for fluid and temp balance Hydraulic fluid for certain functions Highway for hormonal messages Blood

  4. Bleeding • Arterial Bleeding • Issues bright red blood that spurts or pulses corresponding to heart beat • Venous Bleeding • Slower, less severe non-pulsing bleeding • Closer to surface, therefore easier to control • Capillary Bleeding • Slow & oozing blood • Blood clots rapidly • Greater risk of infection

  5. Most serious Punctured/severed artery Bright red blood Distinct spurts/pulses correspond to heart beat Can lose large volume of blood in short period Treatment: Treat athlete for shock Apply direct pressure; find and use pressure points Call EMS Apply tourniquet if bleeding cannot be controlled by direct pressure or use of pressure points Arterial Bleeding

  6. Rupture of 1+ veins Less severe than arterial Steady blood flow Darker red blood Easier to control Treatment: Direct pressure Compression bandaging Follow-up with doctor Venous Bleeding

  7. Capillary Bleeding • Slow • Typically oozes • Blood clots quickly • Examples: • Scratches • Minor cuts • Abrasions Treatment: • Clean with soap and water • Bandage

  8. SHOCK • Precursor to death • Occurs when the circulation system fails to send blood to all body parts • Prompt recognition, treatment, & control are crucial for survival • Characterized by: • Drop in blood pressure • Reduced blood circulation • Inadequate blood flow to tissues https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=14--NBvGDjk

  9. Hemorrhagic Shock Loss of blood from an injury Blood pressure falls and adequate oxygen is unavailable to body Injury internal or external Cause by severe blunt trauma or internal injuries (i.e. ruptured spleen)

  10. Anaphylactic Shock • Caused by severe allergic reaction (exaggerated response by body’s immune system to what would otherwise be a harmless substance) • Reactions vary—itchy eyes and runny nose, to life-threatening response • Insect stings, medications, certain food and food additives

  11. Psychogenic Shock Physiological response to fear, stress, or emotional crisis Causes person to faint Sudden temporary dilation of blood vessels reduces normal blood volume to brain Temporary

  12. Metabolic Shock • Occurs with severe loss of body fluids • Severe diarrhea, vomiting, or some disease • Severe dehydration

  13. Restlessness and anxiety Cold and clammy skin Labored or rapid breathing Profuse sweating Face that becomes pale and my eventually become cyanotic (blue) around the mouth Shallow respirations Dull, lusterless eyes with dilated pupils Thirst Nausea and vomiting Blood pressure that falls gradually and steadily Loss of consciousness Signs and Symptoms

  14. Treatment for Shock • Maintain a clear airway so breathing is not impaired • Control all bleeding • Elevate extremities 12 inches to help control swelling • Splint fractures and elevate if well stabilized • Avoid rough and excessive handling that my cause additional injury • Prevent loss of body heat; blanket should be placed under victim as well as on top

  15. Treatment for Shock • Keep victim in supine position • Do not give victim anything to eat or drink • Record vital signs (pulse, blood pressure, respiration rate) every 5 minutes • Constantly reassure victim; keeping victim calm minimizes effects of shock • Activate EMS; call 911 immediately

  16. Video Clips on Shock • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V4R9GSah93g • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=979NvgoUeVk

  17. PARTNER REVIEW • What type of bleeding results from a punctured or severed artery? What is the treatment? • What type of bleeding is slow and results from a minor abrasion? What is the treatment? • What type of bleeding results from a rupture of 1 or more veins? What is the treatment? • What type of shock results from a loss of blood due to an injury? • What type of shock results from severe dehydration? • What type of shock results from severe fear or stress? • What type of shock results from a severe allergic reaction? • What are four signs and symptoms of shock? • What are four ways to treat shock?

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